Cellular Neurosience I Flashcards
what is the role of glial cells?
surround and hold neurons in place
supply nutrients and oxygen
insulate neurons
destroy pathogens and dead neurons
What is the resting potential?
Usage of ATP to keep balance between outside and inside of the neuron with negative potential
Explain the neural anatomy
Cell body connects to axon (along which the signal travels) and finished in dendrites. Myelin covers the axon
Process that allows the neuron to travel from beginning to the end of the axon
Saltatory conduction: when a signal reaches a gap in myelin, it regenerates
What type of glial neurons exists at the central nervous system?
Microglial, and oligodendrocytes (wrapped around many neurons).
Types of neurons (by neural morphology)
Motor, sensory and interneurons (memory, planning, language)
What type of glial neurons exists at the peripheral nervous system?
Schwann (wrapped around one axon)
How does an action potential is triggered?
If the potential inside the neuron reaches a specific threshold, the signal is sent (all none principle)
Disease of central nervous system that damages oligodendrocytes cells
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by …
the degeneration of myelin. Action potential are not received
Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is
a rapidly progressing motor disease that results in death
Disease caused by neurofibrillary tangles
Alzheimer disease (AD)
What is a ischemia?
When oxygen is cut off or reduced to a neuron. Also known as a stroke
Causes of strokes are
Blood clot, aneurysm
