cells vocab quiz

Question 1

amino acid

Answer 1

a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl and an amino group

Question 2

carbohydrate

Answer 2

any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose

Question 3

catalyst

Answer 3

increases the rate of a chemical w/o undergoing a permanent chemical change

Question 4

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 4

carrier of genetic information

Question 5

enzyme

Answer 5

acts as a catalyst to bring ab a specific biochem. reaction

Question 6

lipid

Answer 6

any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

Question 7

monomer

Answer 7

can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer

Question 8

monosaccharide

Answer 8

any of the class of sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar

Question 9

nucleic acid

Answer 9

complex, organic substance present in living by cells whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain

Question 10

nucleotide

Answer 10

consists of nucleoside linked to a phosphate group

Question 11

polymer

Answer 11

has a molecular structure consisting entirely of a large # of similar units bonded together

Question 12

polysaccharide

Answer 12

a carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together

Question 13

protein

Answer 13

only of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms

Question 14

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Answer 14

acts as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins

Question 15

substrate

Answer 15

the substance in which an enzyme acts

Question 16

activation energy

Answer 16

the minimum amount of energy which must be available to a chemical system w/ potential reactants to result in a chemical reaction