Cells Tissues And Organisms

Question 1

What are the stages from a molecule to an organism?

Answer 1

1. Simple molecule
2. Complex molecule
3. Cell
4. Tissue
5. Organ
6. Organ system
7. Organism

Question 2

What is a tissue?

Answer 2

A tissue is a group of similar cells working together to perform a function

Question 3

What is an organ?

Answer 3

An organ is different types of tissues working together to perform a particular function

Question 4

What is epithelial tissue?

Answer 4

• lining tissue, covers surface of organs, cavities and tubes
• cells packed closely together
• no blood vessels but may have nerve endings
• cells sits in basement membrane

Question 5

What is squamous tissue? (Epithelial)

Answer 5

Flattened cells in a basement membrane that are lining tissues meaning it covers surface of organs, cavities and tubes. It also has a thin layer for exchange. It is found in walls of alveoli, blood vessels and lining of renal capsule of nephron

Question 6

What is cuboidal tissue? (Epithelial)

Answer 6

One cell thick tissue where cells have a cube shape. It is used for secretion and reabsorption in kidney tubules and glandular ducts

Question 7

What are columnar tissues? (Epithelial)

Answer 7

Tissues with elongated column shaped cells, with some having microvilli. The microvilli increase surface area for absorption and are used in small intestine

Question 8

What are ciliated columnar tissues? (Epithelial)

Answer 8

Tissue with cells that are elongated and column shaped with cilia.
The cilia waft to move dust and dirt trapped in mucus out of air passages, it is present in trachea, bronchi and fallopian tubes

Question 9

What is glandular tissue? (Epithelial)

Answer 9

Tissues of secretory epithelial cells that organise themselves into gland shapes.
They secrete enzymes, hormones, saliva, mucus etc in the salivary glands, pancreas and gastric glands in stomach mucosa

Question 10

What are the 5 types of epithelial tissue?

Answer 10

• squamous
• cuboidal
• columnar
• ciliated columnar
• glandular

Question 11

What are muscle tissues?

Answer 11

Muscle tissues are tissues
- able to shorten there length to contract
- that have three types: skeletal, smooth and cardiac
- in which inside the cells are protein fibres made of actin and myosin which slide past each other to shorten the cell

Question 12

What is skeletal muscle tissue?

Answer 12

Muscle tissue attached to the bones where muscle cells are joined together to form fibres and striations (stripes) are caused by overlapping protein molecules in the cells
It forms voluntary movement
It is used for skeletal movement so it moves bones, maintains posture and body position and supports soft tissues

Question 13

What is smooth muscle tissue?

Answer 13

Tissue of unstriated, individual spindle shaped cells which can shorten in length without stripes
It is involuntary
It’s function is rhythmical involuntary contractions that are less powerful than skeletal muscles in walls of hollow organs, walls of digestive tract, walls of respiratory tract, walls of blood vessels, bladder and skin

Question 14

What is cardiac muscle tissue?

Answer 14

Tissue made of cells that have stripes but lack the long fibres of skeletal muscle, the fibres are striated and branched - they are attached at their ends to adjoining fibres by thick plasma membranes called intercalated discs.
They are used involuntarily
Their function is rhythmic contraction to pump blood through heart

Question 15

What is connective tissue?

Answer 15

Tissue that connects, supports or separates tissue and organs,
It contains cells and elastic and collagen fibres in an extra cellular fluid matrix.
Between the fibres are fat sitting cells and cells of immune system
Examples are blood, cartilage, ligaments and tendons

Question 16

What is nervous tissue?

Answer 16

Tissue made of nerve cells and glial cells that generates and transmits electrical impulses, sensory input and controls muscles and glands