Cells of the Nervous System

Question 0

This is the part of the neuron that CONTROLS the METABOLISM of the cell.

Answer 0

Soma (cell body) Fig 3.5 p.57

Question 1

This is the RECEIVING END of a neuron, specialized for EXCITATION.

Answer 1

Dendrite Fig 3.5 p.57

Question 2

This is the part of the neuron that DELIVERS IMPULSES and it is specialized for CONDUCTION.

Answer 2

Axon Fig 3.5 p.57

Question 3

This is the area of a neuron between the cell body and the axon where NEURAL IMPULSES are GENERATED.

Answer 3

Axon Hillock Fig 3.5 p.57

Question 4

This is the swelling at the end of an axon.

Answer 4

Terminal Bouton (axon terminal) Fig 3.5 p. 57

Question 5

This is the FATTY INSULATION around many axons and aids in conduction.

Answer 5

Myelin Sheath Fig 3.5 p.57

Question 6

True or False: the myelin sheath is only formed inside the CNS.

Answer 6

FALSE the myelin sheath is formed BOTH INSIDE AND OUTSIDE of the CNS

Question 7

True or False: neurons with myelin sheath conduct faster than nerve cells lacking a myelin sheath.

Answer 7

TRUE nerve cells LACKING myelin sheath conduct SLOWER than nerve cells WITH myelin sheath which conduct much FASTER

Question 8

Myelin sheath is interrupted at regular intervals by _____________.

Answer 8

The Nodes of Ranvier

Question 9

These cells occur INSIDE the CNS.

Answer 9

Glial: astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

Question 10

GLIAL CELLS perform all of the FOUR following ACTIONS:

Answer 10

1. ) Provide NOURISHMENT for neurons
2. ) Provide SUPPORT for neurons
3. ) PROTECT and INSULATE axons
4. ) LAY DOWN the MYELIN SHEATH

Fig 3.9 p.60

Question 11

These are SATELLITE CELLS that occur OUTSIDE of the CNS in the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Answer 11

Schwann Cells

Question 12

SCHWANN CELLS perform the THREE following ACTIONS in the PNS:

Answer 12

1. ) PROTECT and INSULATE neurons
2. ) LAY DOWN the MYELIN SHEATH
3. ) Involved in the REGENERATION of DAMAGED NERVE FIBERS

Fig 3.9 p. 60

Question 13

This neuron is FOUND IN SENSORY NERVES subserving somethesis and kinesthesis. It is connected by the neck of the cell body.

Answer 13

Unipolar Neuron Fig 3.8 p. 59

Question 14

This type of neuron is FOUND IN THE EYE and it is CONNECTED directly TO THE CELL BODY.

Answer 14

Bipolar Neuron Fig 3.8 p. 59

Question 15

This is a MULTIPOLAR NEURON that is found in MOTOR NERVES.

Answer 15

Motor Neuron Fig 3.8 p. 59

Question 16

True or False: the motor neuron consists of multiple short axons and a single dendrite.

Answer 16

FALSE, the MOTOR NEURON consists of a SINGLE LONG AXON and a NUMBER OF DENDRITES. Fig 3.8 p. 59

Question 17

This is a MULTIPOLAR NEURON that is LOCATED predominantly in the SPINAL CORD and BRAIN. It is the MOST NUMEROUS of all types of neurons.

Answer 17

Interneuron

Question 18

True or False: the INTERNEURON is often found by itself.

Answer 18

FALSE, the INTERNEURON can be found BETWEEN OTHER NEURONS

Question 19

This is a type of INTERNEURON that has a structure ideally suited for TRANSMITTING information over LONG DISTANCES in the CNS such as the top of the brain to the spinal cord.

Answer 19

Projection Neuron

Question 20

True or False: PROJECTION NEURONS have short multi-branching dendrites and a long axon.

Answer 20

TRUE see handout

Question 21

This is a type of INTERNEURON that has noticeably SHORT AXONS and PROFUSELY BRANCHING DENDRITES.

Answer 21

Local-Circuit Neuron handout, Fig 3.8

Question 22

True or False: the short axons and branching of dendrites in LOCAL CIRCUIT NEURONS allow it to establish multiple relationships with other neurons.

Answer 22

TRUE, the characteristics of the axons and dendrites in LOCAL CIRCUIT NEURONS allow it to establish MULTIPLE RELATIONSHIPS with other neurons.

Question 23

Typically LOCAL CIRCUIT NEURONS, RECEIVE __________ neurons and DELIVERS information to a large number of __________ neurons.

Answer 23

RECEIVES SENSORY neurons

and

DELIVERS info to MOTOR NEURONS

handout Fig 3.8