Cells of the Innate Immune Response Flashcards
Where do all specialised cells of the immune system originate from?
Self renewing multipotent Haematopoietic Stem Cells in Bone marrow
2 Paths that the HPSCs take?
Common myeloid projenitor and common lymphoid progenitor
Common Myeloid progenitor goes on to make: 8
- Erythrocytes
- Platelets
- Dendritic Cells
- Eosinophils
- Neutrophils
- Basophils
- Mast cells
- Macrophages
Where do erythrocytes and platelets come from?
Megakaryocytes
Where do macrophages come from?
Monocytes
What does the Common lymphoid Progenitor turn to? 4
- B cells -> plasma cells
- T cells
- NK cells
- Plasma cytoid dendritic cells
4 Just phagocytic cells:
Neutrophils, Monocytes, Macrophages, Dendritic
Where are Neutrophils, eosinophils and NK cells found?
Blood and tissues
Where are Monocytes and Basophils found?
Blood
Where are macrophages and dendritic cells found?
Tissues
Where are Mast Cells found?
Mucousa and connective tissue
What do eosinophils do? 2
Phagocytic and promote inflammation
2 other cells that promote inflammation:
Mast cells and basophils
What do NK cells do?
Kill virus infected cells
What do neutrophils do when infection?
Move out of blood into tissues
How long do neutrophils live?
short 2-3 days
What do macrophages do when infection?
Monocytes move into tissue and become macrophages
How long do macrophages live?
Longer than neutrophils
Follicular dendritic cell phag?
no
8 steps of phagocytosis:
1-chemotaxis 2- Adherence to PAMP 3- Signal via PRR 4- Initiation of phagocytosis 5- Phagosome formed 6- Phagolysosome formed 7- Kill and digest 8- Release Products
Explain the Acute Inflammatory Response:
Microorganism makes molecules like LPS, mast cells make histamine— increase P-selectin on vascular endothelium
PSGL1 on neutrophil attaches to P selectin, slows down, integrin attaches to other molecules on vascular endotheloum like ICAM 1 and E selectin - start rolling and diapedesis. Chemotaxis
Oxidative Killing molecules: 5
1- Reactive oxygen intermediates 2- O2 superoxide 3- H2O2 4- OH radical 5- OCl-
Non oxidative killing molecules 4
Lysozyme ,defensins, lactoferrin, proteases
Nitric oxidative killing molecule:
Reactive nitrogen intermediates
