cells, mitosis and meiosis

Question 1

where are lipids made

Answer 1

smooth ER

Question 2

what type of cells have 70s ribosomes

Answer 2

prokaryotes

Question 3

where does transcription take place?

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

where does anaerobic respiration occur

Answer 4

mitochondria

Question 5

which type of cells have ribosomes

Answer 5

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 6

which organelles contain DNA?

Answer 6

nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 7

where does tertiary folding of proteins take place?

Answer 7

rough er

Question 8

which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes?

Answer 8

lysosome

Question 9

where does mRNA leave the nucleus?

Answer 9

through the nuclear pore

Question 10

where is rRNA found?

Answer 10

nucleolus

Question 11

what is the role of golgi apparatus?

Answer 11

modify and package proteins

Question 12

which organelle would be abundant in muscle cells?

Answer 12

mitochondria as they produce atp

Question 13

list the membrane bound organelles (7)

Answer 13

mitochondria, nucleus, chloroplast, golgi, lysosome, ER, vacuole

Question 14

list the organelles with double membranes (3)

Answer 14

mitochondria, nucleus, chloroplast

Question 15

where are polypeptides made?

Answer 15

in ribosomes

Question 16

where is mrna found?

Answer 16

ribosomes and nucleus

Question 17

where is light energy converted to chemical energy?

Answer 17

chloroplast

Question 18

which cells have a nucleus?

Answer 18

plant animal and fungi

Question 19

what process do prokaryotes divide by?

Answer 19

binary fission

Question 20

function of the cell cycle in unicellular eukaryotes

Answer 20

reproduction

Question 21

how are the shape of chromosomes characteristic?

Answer 21

the length and position of the centromere is specific to the chromosome

Question 22

what are the two functions of the centromere?

Answer 22

attaches to the spindle and holds chromosomes together

Question 23

what are a homologous pair of chromosomes?

Answer 23

chromosomes that are the same shape and size but have different alleles

Question 24

what is a somatic cell

Answer 24

any cell that isn’t a gamete

Question 25

what’s an allele?

Answer 25

different versions of the same gene

Question 26

what is a locus?

Answer 26

position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 27

what’s the difference between heterozygous and homologous?

Answer 27

heterozygous had two different alleles, homologous have two of the same allele

Question 28

factors that affect the length of the cell cycle

Answer 28

nutrients available, oxygen supply, type of cell

Question 29

what are the stages of interphase? describe

Answer 29

g1 - growth of cell, organelles replicate
s - dna replication
g2 - checking for errors, final growth

Question 30

what are the stages of mitosis?

Answer 30

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 31

what 3 things happen in prophase?

Answer 31

• nuclear envelope breaks down
• nucleolus disappears
• centrioles divide

Question 32

what happens in anaphase

Answer 32

spindles pull sister chromatids to opposite ends of the cell

Question 33

what happens in telophase?

Answer 33

• nucleolus reforms
• spindles break down
• chromosomes decondense

Question 34

how does cytokinesis work in plant cells?

Answer 34

vesicles collect along the equator and secrete calcium pectate to form a middle lamella, cellulose microfibrils build up

Question 35

what is hydrochloric acid used for in a root tip squash?

Answer 35

to break down the cells and to help get a single layer

Question 36

what is the stain used in a root tip squash?

Answer 36

acetic orcein

Question 37

what separates in meiosis one and meiosis two?

Answer 37

one - homologous chromosomes
two - sister chromatids

Question 38

what is a bivalent?

Answer 38

homologous chromosomes that are physically paired

Question 39

what is crossing over?

Answer 39

where parts of chromatids break off and rejoin another

Question 40

what is a chiasma?

Answer 40

the point where non sister chromatids combine in crossing over

Question 41

when does random assortment occur?

Answer 41

meiosis 1

Question 42

when does crossing over occur?

Answer 42

prophase 1

Question 43

what is non-disjunction?

Answer 43

when chromosomes fail to separate properly - causes polysomy