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Biology > cells - animal + plant cells > Flashcards

cells - animal + plant cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A

Contains genetic information (DNA) and controls the activities of the cell.

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2
Q

What is the definition of a cell?

A

A basic unit for all living things

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3
Q

What does the word protein synthesis mean?

A

To make proteins

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4
Q

What is the job of the cytoplasm?

A

A jelly like substance, where all the chemical reactions in the cell takes place

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5
Q

What are the 2 types of cells?

A

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

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6
Q

What is the structure of DNA?

A

double helix structure

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7
Q

What is the job of the cell membrane?

A

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out of the cell

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8
Q

What is the job of the Ribosome?

A

Is where protein synthesis takes place so where proteins are made in the cell, using energy released from aerobic respiration from the mitochondria

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9
Q

What is the job of the mitochondria?

A

Is where aerobic respiration takes place which releases energy for the cell to function

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10
Q

What are reactants?

A

They are when things react together to make a product

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11
Q

What is a product?

A

Is what you make from reactants in a chemical reaction

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of respirations?

A

Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration

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13
Q

Which respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen?

A

Aerobic

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14
Q

Which respiration releases more energy per unit of glucose?

A

Aerobic

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15
Q

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose + Oxygen - Carbon dioxide + Water

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16
Q

what type of respiration only occurs in the mitochondria?

A

Aerobic, anaerobic respiration takes place in the cytoplasm

17
Q

what is the function of the cell wall?

A

the cell wall contains cellulose which helps keep the plant cell strong and rigid

18
Q

What is cellulose?

A

Long straight chains of glucose

19
Q

what is the function of the Vacole

A

It contains cell sap which is a weak solution of sugars and salts. this helps it to act like a pump which helps it keep it rigid shape (stiff)

20
Q

What does the chloroplast do?

A

Its where photosynthesis occurs, it contains a green pigment called chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

21
Q

what is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + Water - Glucose + Oxygen (light energy is absorbed)

22
Q

what process can glucose be used in after being produced in photosynthesis?

A

Aerobic respiration in the mitochondria to release energy which can be used to help the plant to grow

23
Q

What are Eukaryotic cells?

A

Animal and Plant cells that have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

24
Q

What type of cells are prokaryotic?

A

Bacterial cells

25
Q

What makes a prokaryotic cell different from an eukaryotic cell?

A

A prokaryotic cell has a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The genetic material is NOT enclosed in the nucleus

26
Q

What are plasmids?

A

One or more small rings of DNA

27
Q

In what cell is ribosomes smaller?

A

Prokaryotic

28
Q

What are main chromosomal DNA?

A

One king free floating loop of DNA

29
Q

What is flagellum?

A

Its a long hair like structure that rotates to help bacterium to move (not all bacteria have it)

30
Q

How is the DNA shaped in prokaryotic cells?

A

Circular

31
Q

How is DNA shaped in eukaryotic cells?

A

Linear

32
Q

Which cell is larger?

A

Eukaryotic

Biology (5 decks)

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