Cells and Tissues of the Nervous System

Question 1

divisions of the motor nervous system

Answer 1

somatic and autonomic

autonomic divides into sympathetic and para-sympathetic

Question 2

what is a glial cell

Answer 2

a supportive cell of nervous system

Question 3

metabolic rate of neurons is high/low

Answer 3

high

Question 4

which cells of nervous system divide by amitosis

Answer 4

neurons

Question 5

parts of neuron that recieve impulse

Answer 5

dendrites

Question 6

parts of neuron that carries impulse

Answer 6

axon

Question 7

part of neuron that passes on the impulse

Answer 7

synaptic terminals

Question 8

what cells make the myelin sheath

Answer 8

CNS - oligodendrocytes

PNS - schwann cells

Question 9

gaps between myelin along axon are called

Answer 9

nodes of ranvier

Question 10

purpose of myelin sheath

Answer 10

to increase conduction speed by saltatory conduction (propagation of AP along axon)

Question 11

what disease is the destruction of myelin sheaths in CNS

Answer 11

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 12

difference between white and grey matter

Answer 12

white matter is where the axons are; grey matter is where the cell bodies are

Question 13

name given to a ganglion in the brain

Answer 13

a nucleus

Question 14

what is a multipolar neuron

Answer 14

one which has many dendrites

Question 15

what is a bipolar neurone

Answer 15

one with two extensions: one dendritic, one axon

Question 16

what is a pseudounipolar neuron

Answer 16

one with two branches to its axon: one to periphery and one to spinal cord (central)

Question 17

sensory neurons tend to be what type of neuron

Answer 17

pseudounipolar

Question 18

multipolar neurons have what function

Answer 18

as motor neurons and interneurons

Question 19

glial cells of PNS

Answer 19

schwann cells and satellite cells

Question 20

glial cells of CNS

Answer 20

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells

Question 21

which glial cells are responsible for the blood brain barrier

Answer 21

astrocytes - foot processes that wrap around blood vessels

Question 22

what glial cells lines ventricles

Answer 22

ependymal cells

Question 23

purpose of BBB

Answer 23

prevents harmful amino acids and ions from entering the brain. also very important for drug delivery to CNS

Question 24

what type of molecules pass the BBB freely

Answer 24

lipid soluble molecules

Question 25

3 parts of brainstem

Answer 25

midbrain
pons
medulla

Question 26

where are the lateral ventricles

Answer 26

in the cerebral hemispheres at the top, running in a C shape from front to back

Question 27

where is the 3rd ventricle

Answer 27

lower than the lateral ventricle in the diencephalon

Question 28

what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles

Answer 28

interventricular foramen

Question 29

what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle

Answer 29

the cerebral aqueduct

Question 30

where is the 4th ventricle

Answer 30

diamond shaped in the brainstem/cerebellum bit

Question 31

3 layers of meninges from in to out

Answer 31

pia, arachnoid and dura

Question 32

which meningeal space contains CSF

Answer 32

subarachnoid (between arachnoid and pia)

Question 33

in which dural space are the blood vessels

Answer 33

subdural (between dura and arachnoid)

Question 34

where is CSF produced

Answer 34

in choroid plexus lining each ventricle

Question 35

where is CSF absorbed

Answer 35

by arachnoid villi in the saggital sinus

Question 36

astrocytes are responsible for the removal of what ion from CSF

Answer 36

potassium