Cells and Tissues of the Nervous System Flashcards
divisions of the motor nervous system
somatic and autonomic
autonomic divides into sympathetic and para-sympathetic
what is a glial cell
a supportive cell of nervous system
metabolic rate of neurons is high/low
high
which cells of nervous system divide by amitosis
neurons
parts of neuron that recieve impulse
dendrites
parts of neuron that carries impulse
axon
part of neuron that passes on the impulse
synaptic terminals
what cells make the myelin sheath
CNS - oligodendrocytes
PNS - schwann cells
gaps between myelin along axon are called
nodes of ranvier
purpose of myelin sheath
to increase conduction speed by saltatory conduction (propagation of AP along axon)
what disease is the destruction of myelin sheaths in CNS
Multiple Sclerosis
difference between white and grey matter
white matter is where the axons are; grey matter is where the cell bodies are
name given to a ganglion in the brain
a nucleus
what is a multipolar neuron
one which has many dendrites
what is a bipolar neurone
one with two extensions: one dendritic, one axon
what is a pseudounipolar neuron
one with two branches to its axon: one to periphery and one to spinal cord (central)
sensory neurons tend to be what type of neuron
pseudounipolar
multipolar neurons have what function
as motor neurons and interneurons
glial cells of PNS
schwann cells and satellite cells
glial cells of CNS
astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells
which glial cells are responsible for the blood brain barrier
astrocytes - foot processes that wrap around blood vessels
what glial cells lines ventricles
ependymal cells
purpose of BBB
prevents harmful amino acids and ions from entering the brain. also very important for drug delivery to CNS
what type of molecules pass the BBB freely
lipid soluble molecules
3 parts of brainstem
midbrain
pons
medulla
where are the lateral ventricles
in the cerebral hemispheres at the top, running in a C shape from front to back
where is the 3rd ventricle
lower than the lateral ventricle in the diencephalon
what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles
interventricular foramen
what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle
the cerebral aqueduct
where is the 4th ventricle
diamond shaped in the brainstem/cerebellum bit
3 layers of meninges from in to out
pia, arachnoid and dura
which meningeal space contains CSF
subarachnoid (between arachnoid and pia)
in which dural space are the blood vessels
subdural (between dura and arachnoid)
where is CSF produced
in choroid plexus lining each ventricle
where is CSF absorbed
by arachnoid villi in the saggital sinus
astrocytes are responsible for the removal of what ion from CSF
potassium
