Cells Flashcards
Eukaryotic
Cells with a nucleus
They are complex
They include animal and plant cells
Eukaryotes are made up of eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic
Cells without a nucleus
Smaller and simpler
Single celled organisms
Prokaryotes are made up of prokaryotic cells
Subcellular structures
The different parts of the cell
Nucleus
Animal & Plant Cells
Contains genetic material and information
Controls activities in the cell
Genetic material is arranged in chromosomes
Cytoplasm
Animal & Plant Cells
Gell like substance
Most of the chemical reactions happen in it
Contains enzymes that control the chemical reactions
Contains nutrients
Mitochondria
Animal & Plant Cells
Where most reactions for respiration happens
Respiring transfers energy that the cell needs to be able to work
Cell membrane
Animal & Plant Cells
Holds the cell together
Controls what comes in and goes out of the cell
Ribosomes
Animal & Plant Cells
Produces protein
Called the protein synthesiser of the cell
Cell wall
Plant Cells Only
Its made up of cellulose
Supports the cell
Large Vacuole
Plant Cells Only
Contains cell sap (weak solution of sugars and salts)
Maintains the internal pressure of the cell
Can store waste products, so the cell is protected from contamination
Chloroplast
Plant Cells Only
Where photosynthesis happens
Has a green substance called chlorophyll
Bacteria cells
A lot smaller than plant or animal cells
Has no nucleus (so is prokaryotic)
Chromosomal DNA
Bacteria Cells Only
One long circular chromosome)
Contains the cells activities and replication
Plasmid DNA
Bacteria Cells Only
Small loops of extra DNA
Contains genes for things like drug resistance
Can be passed between bacteria
Flagella or Flagellum
Bacteria Cells Only
Hair like structure that rotates to move the cell
Can move the bacteria away from harmful toxins of towards beneficial things like oxygen and nutrients
