Cells

Question 1

Structures that are present in prokaryotic cells but not animal cells

Answer 1

Slime capsule
Cell wall 
Nucleoid
Plasmids
Pili

Question 2

Name two double membrane-bound organelles

Answer 2

Nucleus

Mitochondria

Question 3

Name for an egg cell that has been fertilised

Answer 3

Zygote

Question 4

Name of cell that can give rise to any type of cell

Answer 4

Totipotent

Question 5

Risks of taking stem cells from one person to give to another

Answer 5

Risk of infection
Risk of cancer
Rejection by body
More likely to get ill due to immunosuppressant drugs

Question 6

What is meant by a tissue?

Answer 6

A group of similar cells working together for the same function

Question 7

Functions of the xylem

Answer 7

Transport water
Transport minerals
Structural support

Question 8

Describe the structure of a cellulose microfibril

Answer 8

Straight chain
Only contains 1-4 glycosidic bonds
Cellulose contains beta glucose
Glucose molecules inverted every other molecule
Microfibril composed of many cellulose molecules
Cellulose chains are held together by hydrogen bonds

Question 9

What is the cell cycle?

Answer 9

Increase in cell numbers
Asexual reproduction
Replacement of cells
Control of cell growth

Question 10

How would cancer affect the cell cycle?

Answer 10

Shorter interphase
Faster cycle
Less control over cell growth
Cells don’t become specialised

Question 11

How do cells become specialised after cell division?

Answer 11

Correct stimulus needed 
Some genes active/some inactive
Only active genes transcribed
mRNA made 
Protein made 
This determines the cell structure/function