Cells Flashcards
What do both animal and plant cells contain?
A cell membrane, cytoplasm and a nucleus.
What do plant cells contain that animal cells don’t?
Chloroplast, cell wall and a vacuole.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls what substances can get into and out of the cell.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Jelly-like substances, where chemical reactions can happen. In plant cells, there is a thin lining, whereas in animal cells most of the cell is cytoplasm.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls what happens inside the cell, Carries all the genetic information.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
Where photosynthesis happens - chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll.
What is the function of the cell wall?
Contains a liquid called cell sap, which keeps the cell firm.
What is the function of the vacuole?
Made of a tough substance called cellulose, which supports the cell.
Name the specialised cells in animals.
Red blood cells
Nerve cells
Egg cell
Sperm cell
Name the specialised cells in plants.
Root hair cell
Leaf cell
What is the function of the red blood cell?
To carry oxygen.
What is the function of the nerve cell?
To carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body.
What is the function of the egg cell?
To join the male cell, and then provide food for the new cell that is formed.
What is the function of the sperm cell?
To reach the female cell and then join with it.
What is the function of the root hair cell?
To absorb water and minerals.
What is the function of the leaf cell?
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.
What are the specialised features of the red blood cell?
Large surface area for oxygen to pass through.
Contains haemoglobin which joins which joins with oxygen.
What are the specialised features of the nerve cell?
Long.
Connections at each end.
Can carry electrical signals.
What are the specialised features of the egg cell?
Large.
Contains lots of cytoplasm.
What are the specialised features of the sperm cell?
Long tail for swimming.
Head forgetting into female cell.
What are the specialised features of the root hair cell?
Large surface area.
What are the specialised features of the leaf cell?
Large surface area.
Lots of chloroplasts.
Give some examples of tissues.
Muscle.
The lining of the intestine.
The lining of the lungs.
Phloem (tubes that carry dissolved sugar around a plant).
Root hair tissue (for plants to take up water and minerals from the soil).
What are organs made of?
Groups of different tissues.
Give some examples of organs.
Heart Lung Stomach Brain Leaf Root
What is organ system made up of?
Groups of different organs which all work together to do a particular job.
Give some examples of organ systems.
Circulatory system Respiratory system Digestive system Nervous system Reproductive system Leaf canopy
What is haemoglobin?
The red protein found in red blood cells that transports blood around the body.
