Cell Division Flashcards
What is meiosis?
The type of cell division by which gametes are produced.
Where does meiosis take place?
In the testes and the ovaries.
What happens to the DNA content of a cell when chromosomes replicate for meiosis to happen?
It doubles.
What happens to the DNA content of a cell when homologous pairs of chromosomes are separated at the first stage in meiosis?
The DNA content of the cells produced is half that of the original cell.
What happens to the DNA content of cells when the chromatids are separated in the second stage of meiosis?
The DNA content of the cell halves again.
Explain the process of meiosis.
In the first meiotic division, the homologous pairs of chromosomes have aligned at random before being separated from each other. The separation of the chromosomes gives rise to the independent assortment of the chromosomes. In the second meiotic division, the four cells that are formed develop into haploid gametes.
What type of cell division produces genetically identical cells?
Mitosis.
What is fertilisation?
When a male gamete fuses with a female gamete.
What is mitosis?
The type of cell division that leads to growth or repair.
What happens during mitosis?
Two new cells form.
Each cell is identical to the other one, and the cell they were formed from.
What are the stages of mitosis?
- Parent cell.
- Chromosomes make identical copies of themselves.
- They line up along the centre.
- They move apart.
- Two daughter cells form with identical chromosomes to the parent cell.
What are the two male sex chromosomes?
XY
What are the two female sex chromosomes?
XX
How many chromosomes does one person have?
46
