Cells Flashcards
Are the following eukaryotes or prokaryotes: animal, plant, bacterium, fungus, protist
Animal: E
Plant: E
Bacterium: P
Protist: E
Fungus: E
What are structures common in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
presence of DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes and a cell membrane
What structures do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes do not
nucleus, membrane bound organelles eg mitochondria.
What is the function of the mitochondria
It is the production site of ATP which fuels most of the action in a cell
What is the function of the chloroplast
Convert sunlight into energy for the cell. Produces ATP like the mitochondria
What is the function of the golgi body
packing lipids and proteins into vesicles which get transported either around or between cells
What is the function of the lysosome
break down wastes, clean up the cell and salvage any material that the cell can use
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum
Rough: has ribosomes, and creates proteins for the cell
Smooth: creates lipids, phospholipids and plasma membranes for the cell.
What is the function of the ribosome
follow instructions from the nucleus (in RNA) and create proteins.
What is the function of the nucleus
Directs activity and holds DNA which dictates protein production in the cell.
What is the function of the nucleolus:
found inside the nucleus, it produces and assembles ribosomes found in the nucleus
what is the function of the cell membrane
outer lining of the cell and controls what enters or exits the cell
what is the function of the vacuole
Stores nutrients, water and waste products.
Controls cell shape: ie. if water content is too low the cell becomes droopy. This is especially evident in plant cells which have much larger vacuoles.
what are the key structural features of the fluid mosaic model
phospholipid bilayer, each has a hydrophilic head (outer) and a hydrophobic tail.
Protein channels allow larger substances to travel into the cell
Protein pump
