Arrangement of Cells in multicellular organisms Flashcards
What are colonial organisms with an example.
Groups of genetically identical but independent individuals that exist together in a physical space. An example is the Volvox algae
Describe the cells and arrangement of cells in a colonial organism
reproductive cells that produce gametes are on the inside that are surrounded with minimally specialised non reproductive cells for sensory input.
How are the cells of a multicellular vs colonial organism different
colonial organisms have cells that aren’t specialised while multicellular organism’s cells are specialised to perform tasks
What is the difference between specialisation and differentiation
Specialisation refers to the specific functions of a cell
Differentiation refers to the process of becoming specialised often developing particular internal structures
What is a stem cell
a root cell from which all specialised cells originate
What are the ways in which a a red blood cell changes to specialise
Eg. red blood cells are very small to fit through capillaries and to increase SA:V ratio. Do not possess nucleus or organelles to maximise haemoglobin and hence oxygen uptake.
Explain why multicellular organisms need specialised cells
Cells undergo differentiation to divide the labour and create a more efficient workforce within the organism to ensure efficient supply of oxygen and nutrients as well as the removal of waste.
