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Science - Biology Paper 2 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

A cell that contains a nucleus

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2
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

A cell that doesn’t have a nucleus

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3
Q

Recall the organelles in an animal cell.

A
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
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4
Q

Recall the organelles in a plant cell.

A
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Cell wall
  • Vacuole
  • Chloroplasts
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5
Q

Recall the organelles in a bacterial cell.

A
  • Cell wall
  • Cytoplasm
  • Chromosomal DNA
  • Ribosomes
  • Cell membrane
  • Plasmid DNA
  • Flagellum
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6
Q

Describe the function of the nucleus.

A

Contains chromosomes that control activities of the cell

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7
Q

Describe the function of cytoplasm.

A
  • A gel-like substance where most chemical reactions happen
  • Contains enzymes that control these reactions
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8
Q

Describe the function of the cell membrane.

A

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

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9
Q

Describe the function of mitochondria.

A

To release energy via respiration

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10
Q

Describe the function of ribosomes.

A

They are the site of protein-synthesis

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11
Q

Describe the function of the cell wall.

A
  • Supports and strengthens cell
  • Made from cellulose
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12
Q

Describe the function of a vacuole.

A
  • Contains cell sap
  • Maintains internal pressure to support cell
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13
Q

Describe the function of chloroplasts.

A
  • Site of photosynthesis
  • Contain a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs light for photosynthesis
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14
Q

Describe the function of chromosomal DNA.

A
  • Controls cell’s activities and replication
  • Floats free in cytoplasm
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15
Q

Describe the function of plasmid DNA.

A
  • Small loops of extra DNA that aren’t part of chromosome
  • Contains genes for things like drug resistance
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16
Q

Describe the function of the flagellum.

A
  • A long, hair-like structure
  • It rotates to make a bacterium move
  • Used to move bacteria away from harmful substances (toxins), and towards beneficial things (nutrients, oxygen)

Science - Biology Paper 2 (33 decks)

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