Cell Vocabulary

Question 1

cell

Answer 1

basic unit of life

Question 2

tissue

Answer 2

a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific job in the body

Question 3

organ

Answer 3

a combination of two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function in the body

Question 4

organ system

Answer 4

a group of organs that work together to perform body functions

Question 5

organism

Answer 5

anything that can independently carry out life processes

Question 6

chlorophyll

Answer 6

a green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Question 7

chloroplast

Answer 7

make food using the energy of sunlight

Question 8

cell wall

Answer 8

a structure that surrounds the cell membrane of some cells and provides strength and support to the cell membrane

Question 9

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 9

makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, packages up proteins for release from the cell

Question 10

mitochondria

Answer 10

break down food molecules to make ATP

Question 11

vesicle

Answer 11

a membrane-covered compartment in a eukaryotic cell that form when part of a cell membrane surrounds an object and pinches off

Question 12

golgi complex

Answer 12

processes and transports materials out of the cell

Question 13

vacuole

Answer 13

stores water and other material

Question 14

ribosome

Answer 14

the site where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins

Question 15

lysosome

Answer 15

digests:
~food particles
~wastes
~cell parts
~foreign invaders

Question 16

nucleus

Answer 16

the membrane-covered organelle found in eukaryotic cells; contains the cells DNA and serves as a control center for the cell

Question 17

DNA

Answer 17

hereditary material that controls all of the activities of a cell

Question 18

cell membrane

Answer 18

a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment

Question 19

fungi (mushrooms, yeast, bread mold)

Answer 19

eukaryotes that have cell walls are heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food and use spores to reproduce

Question 20

hyphae

Answer 20

branching, thread like tubes that make up the bodies of multi cellular fungi

Question 21

mutualistic relationship

Answer 21

when two organisms of different species “work together,” each benefiting from the relationship

Question 22

lichen

Answer 22

consists of fungus and either an autotrophic bacteria or algae that live together in a mutualistic relationship

Question 23

spores

Answer 23

~light weight reproductive cell capable of develop into a new organism
~can easily be carried by air or water

Question 24

fruiting bodies

Answer 24

place where reproductive spores are made

Question 25

budding

Answer 25

~form of asexual reproduction used by yeast
~no spores reproduced
~small yeast cell grows from the body of parent cell and eventually breaks away and lives on its own