Cell Surface Receptors And Peptide Hormones Flashcards
Many cellular processes require;
- specific recognition
- binding
Receptors are;
Proteins
Glycoproteins
What is the function of galactosidase?
Breaks off galactose units from carbohydrates
What is the function of neuraminidase?
Attacks Sialic acid units
What does the nervous system contain?
Neurotransmitters
What hormones does the endocrine system contain?
- peptides
- polypeptides
- glycoproteins
How are endocrine hormones produced and secreted?
Produced by endocrine glands
Secreted into the blood stream
Outline two types of endocrine hormones;
(1) peptides
(2)steroids
What are messenger molecules?
Cells must communicate with eo to coordinate cell processes within tissues and to maintain homeostasis
How do peptide hormones enter the cell?
Bind to receptor proteins in the cell membrane
Secondary messenger molecule imitates the cell response
Outline the 5 intracellular messengers known;
1) cAMP
2) cGMP
3) inositol triphosphate
4) diacylglcerol
5)calcium ions
Outline some roles of hormones;
• controlling sleep cycles
• growth
•controlling reproductive cycles
Insulin from the pancreas lowers…
Blood glucose by stimulating body cells to take up glucose
Glucagon from the pan tease increases…
Blood sugar by stimulating the liver to break down glycogen into glucose
