cell structure (topic 2) Flashcards
what are the parts in a plant cell?
vacuole, nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, ribosomes,mitochondria
what are the parts in an animal cell?
cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, ribosome, mitochondria, ribosome
what parts are present in both plant and animal cell?
cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, ribosome,mitochnodria
what are the structures in a bacteria cell?
cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm,
ribosomes, circular DNA, plasmids
function of cytoplasm
jelly like substance that is the site of many chemical reactions that take place in the cell
function of nucleus
contains chromosomes, controls all the activities of the cell (the cell’s metabolism)
function of cell membrane
controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
partially permeable membrane that allows some molecules to pass through it, while others cannot
function of vacuole
help the cell to stay rigid some substances can be stored in them
function of chloroplsasts
site of photosynthesis in the cell may contain starch grains that act as food stores
function of cell wall
provides shape and support to the cell
prevents the cell from bursting when it absorbs water
function of mitochondria
It perform cellular respiration, referred as powerhouse of the cell.
function of ribosomes
A ribosome is the cellular machinery responsible for making proteins, protein synthesis
function of circular dna
for containing the genetic material
function of plasmids
small loops of DNA containing a few genes that can be transferred to other bacteria.
how are new cells produced
by division of existing cells (assexually)
function of cilliated cells
moving mucus in the trachea and the bronchi of the lungs
ciliated cells also move the ovum and zygote down the fallopian tube
function of root hair cells
absorbs water and dissolved mineral ions from the soil
function of palisade mesoohyl cells
perform photosynthesis in leaves
function of neurones
conducting electrical impulses to different parts of the body
function of red blood cells
transport of oxygen around the body in the bloodstream
function of sperm and egg cells
sexual reproduction
levels of organisation
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
what is a tissue + example
a group of cells with similar structures, and which work together to carry out a shared function eg. layer of smooth muscle
what is an organ + example
a group of tissues, which work together to carry out specific functions eg arteries
what is an organ system + example
a group of organs with related functions, which work together to carry out body functions eg circulatory system
formula for magnification
image size/ actual size
how do you convert mm to um
*1000
