Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
Learn Cell organelle structures/function
Ribosomes
The site of protein synthesis.
Mitochondria
Generates most of the chemical energy(ATP) needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions.
has double membranes, own DNA, has own ribosomes, and reproduces independently.
Golgi Apparatus
In charge of transport, sorting and modifiying both protein and lipids.
Peroxisome
In charge of breaking down fatty acids and amino acids
Large Vacuole (Plant Cell)
Is a storage tank for water and other molecules and allows light in plant.
Vacuole (animal cells)
To store food, waste and water for cells.
Nucleus
Control center for cells. Store genetic information
Nucleous
Produces and assemble the cell’s ribosomes.
Chloroplasts
Photosythesis site. Photosynthesis takes place here. has its own DNA, Ribosomes. has double membranes and reproduces independently
Smooth ER
Is responsible for the synthesis of essential lipids such as phospholipids and cholesterol.
Rough ER
Produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function.
Lysosomes (Animal Cells)
Breaks down excess or worn-out cell parts.
Cell Wall
Provides structural strength and support, and also provide a semi-permeable surface for molecules to pass in and out of the cell.
Centrioles
Helps with cell division
Endosymbiosis Theory
Proposes that membrane bound organelles derived from prokaryotic cells and were once engulfed by ancestors of eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic
Multicellular, Unicellular, Nucleus, membrane bound organelles, complex and large. Found in plants, animals, humans, fungi, single celled.
Prokaryotic
Simple, no nucleus, dosent have any membrane bound organelles, unicellular, small. Usually found in bacteria. Is usually organisms that we cant see.
