Cell structure Flashcards
define magnification
the number of times larger an image appears, compared with the size of the object.
define resolution
the ability to distinguish between two separate points in a micrograph. (clarity)
what are the 4 types of microscopes?
-light
-laser scanning
-electron
transmission electron microscope
scanning electron microscope
what are the advantages of a light microscope?
- relatively cheap
- easy to use
- can study whole organisms
- portable
how do you calculate magnification?
total magnification = power of objective lens x power of eyepiece
what are the disadvantages of laser scanning
- expensive
- require training to use
what stains chromosomes dark red?
acetic orcein
what stains cytoplasm?
eosin
what stains lipids red?
Sudan
what are the membrane bound organelles in a eukaryote?
- nucleus, nuclear envelope, nucleolus
- rough endoplasmic reticulum
- smooth ER
- Golgi
- mitochondria
- chloroplasts
- vacuole
- lysosomes
- cilia
what is the function of the nucleus, nuclear envelope and the nucleolus?
- nuclear envelope separates the contents of the cell from the nucleus
- the nucleus controls the cell, stores the organisms genome, provides the information for protein synthesis
what is the function of the RER?
- coated in ribosomes
- cell transport
what is the function of the SER?
- contains enzymes that catalyse reactions
- synthesis and transport of lipids
what is the function of the Golgi?
- modifies proteins
- encases the proteins in vesicles for transport
what is the function of the mitochondria?
- filled with ATP
- provides energy
- site of respiration
