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Cells > Cell Structure > Flashcards

Cell Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is the structure of the nucleus?

A

Contains a nuclear envelope, nucleolus and chromatin

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2
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

To control cellular activity and store genetic information

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3
Q

What is the structure of the nuclear envelope?

A

Double membrane and has nuclear pores

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4
Q

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

A

Provides a structural framework to the nucleus

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5
Q

What is the structure of the nucleolus?

A

Made of proteins and RNA

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6
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A

Site of rRNA synthesis

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7
Q

What is the structure of the chromatin?

A

Contains DNA and histones

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8
Q

What is the function of the chromatin?

A

Condenses to form chromosomes

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9
Q

What is the structure of the cytoplasm?

A

Made of cytosol (organic and inorganic molecules)

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10
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

A

Maintains cell shape, stores chemicals needed for metabolic reactions

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11
Q

What is the structure of the cytoskeleton?

A

A network of tubules and filaments

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12
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

A

Supports the cell and transfers molecules

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13
Q

What is the structure of the mitochondria?

A

Contains a double membrane, cristae and matrix

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14
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Site of aerobic respiration and produces ATP

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15
Q

What is the structure of the cristae?

A

Folded extensions on the inner membrane

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16
Q

What is the function of the cristae?

A

Provides large surface area for enzyme reactions

17
Q

What is the structure of the matrix?

A

Contains enzymes and small amounts of DNA and ribosomes

18
Q

What is the function of the matrix?

A

Involved in aerobic respiration

19
Q

What is the structure of the ribosomes?

A

Not membrane bound, 80s in eukaryotes

20
Q

What is the function of the ribosomes?

A

Site of protein synthesis

21
Q

What is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The surface is coated in ribosomes, contains folded membranes

22
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Many roles in protein synthesis, such as post-translational modifications

23
Q

What is the structure of the golgi apparatus?

A

Stacks of flattened cisternae and vesicles, contains folded membranes

24
Q

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

A

Sorts, packages and modifies proteins

25
Q

What is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Contains a nuclear envelope, smooth tubules and rough sheets

26
Q

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Synthesise lipids, cholesterol and steroid hormones and packages into vesicles

27
Q

What is the structure of the vesicles?

A

Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, contains a membrane bound sac

28
Q

What is the function of the vesicles?

A

Maintaining turgency, metabolism, transport, buoyancy control and enzyme storage

29
Q

What is the structure of the lysosomes?

A

Membrane bound vesicles

30
Q

What is the function of the lysosomes?

A

Contains hydrolytic lysozymes

31
Q

What is the structure of the chloroplasts?

A

Contains grana, thylakoids, lamella, double membrane, stroma

32
Q

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

A

Produce energy through photosynthesis, absorb light

Cells (7 decks)

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