Cell Structure

Question 1

What is the structure of the nucleus?

Answer 1

Contains a nuclear envelope, nucleolus and chromatin

Question 2

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 2

To control cellular activity and store genetic information

Question 3

What is the structure of the nuclear envelope?

Answer 3

Double membrane and has nuclear pores

Question 4

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

Answer 4

Provides a structural framework to the nucleus

Question 5

What is the structure of the nucleolus?

Answer 5

Made of proteins and RNA

Question 6

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 6

Site of rRNA synthesis

Question 7

What is the structure of the chromatin?

Answer 7

Contains DNA and histones

Question 8

What is the function of the chromatin?

Answer 8

Condenses to form chromosomes

Question 9

What is the structure of the cytoplasm?

Answer 9

Made of cytosol (organic and inorganic molecules)

Question 10

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 10

Maintains cell shape, stores chemicals needed for metabolic reactions

Question 11

What is the structure of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 11

A network of tubules and filaments

Question 12

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 12

Supports the cell and transfers molecules

Question 13

What is the structure of the mitochondria?

Answer 13

Contains a double membrane, cristae and matrix

Question 14

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 14

Site of aerobic respiration and produces ATP

Question 15

What is the structure of the cristae?

Answer 15

Folded extensions on the inner membrane

Question 16

What is the function of the cristae?

Answer 16

Provides large surface area for enzyme reactions

Question 17

What is the structure of the matrix?

Answer 17

Contains enzymes and small amounts of DNA and ribosomes

Question 18

What is the function of the matrix?

Answer 18

Involved in aerobic respiration

Question 19

What is the structure of the ribosomes?

Answer 19

Not membrane bound, 80s in eukaryotes

Question 20

What is the function of the ribosomes?

Answer 20

Site of protein synthesis

Question 21

What is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 21

The surface is coated in ribosomes, contains folded membranes

Question 22

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 22

Many roles in protein synthesis, such as post-translational modifications

Question 23

What is the structure of the golgi apparatus?

Answer 23

Stacks of flattened cisternae and vesicles, contains folded membranes

Question 24

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

Answer 24

Sorts, packages and modifies proteins

Question 25

What is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 25

Contains a nuclear envelope, smooth tubules and rough sheets

Question 26

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 26

Synthesise lipids, cholesterol and steroid hormones and packages into vesicles

Question 27

What is the structure of the vesicles?

Answer 27

Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, contains a membrane bound sac

Question 28

What is the function of the vesicles?

Answer 28

Maintaining turgency, metabolism, transport, buoyancy control and enzyme storage

Question 29

What is the structure of the lysosomes?

Answer 29

Membrane bound vesicles

Question 30

What is the function of the lysosomes?

Answer 30

Contains hydrolytic lysozymes

Question 31

What is the structure of the chloroplasts?

Answer 31

Contains grana, thylakoids, lamella, double membrane, stroma

Question 32

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 32

Produce energy through photosynthesis, absorb light