Cell properties, Cell theory, Miller-Urey experiment

Question 1

What does it take to make a cell?

Answer 1

Information
Chemistry (matter + energy)
Compartments

Question 2

Information

Answer 2

All cells possess DNA and RNA, provides the information necessary to build proteins (e.g. enzymes, channels, receptors)—the
cell’s primary machinery

Question 3

Chemistry

Answer 3

The Miller-Urey experiment

It was an experiment that simulated the conditions that were thought to exist on the early Earth and to test the chemical origin of life under those conditions

Question 4

Compartments

Answer 4

Defined by a single or double lipid layer membrane. Establish physical boundaries that help the cell carry out metabolic activites

Question 5

Cell Theory

Answer 5

The cell is the most basic unit of life
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
All cells arise only from pre-existing cells

Question 6

Properties of cells

Answer 6

1. Highly COMPLEX and ORGANIZED
2. Activity controlled by a GENETIC program
3. Can REPRODUCE
4. Take in and utilize ENERGY
5. Carry out many CHEMICAL reactions - Enzymes
6. Engage in MECHANICAL activities
7. Respond to STIMULI
8. Capable of SELF REGULATION
9. They EVOLVE

Question 7

Prokaryotes

Answer 7

• Single-cell
• Small
• No nucleus or organelles
• Ribosomes are small
• Reproduce asexually
• Genetic material found in nucleoid

Question 8

Eukaryotes

Answer 8

• Multicellular and unicellular
• Big
• Nucleus and organelles
• Ribosomes are big
• Genetic material found in nuclear compartment and arranged as chromosomes

Question 9

Viruses

Answer 9

Tiny non-cellular structures that have genetic material and proteins. They can replicate only inside a host cell

Question 10

Virion

Answer 10

Small amount of DNA (DNA virus) or RNA (RNA virus) that encodes a few hundreds of genes