Cell Parts

Question 1

Cell Wall

Answer 1

Rigid but flexible structure that acts as pressure vessel, preventing over-expansion when water enters cell (plants only)

Question 2

Cell Membrane

Answer 2

Selectively permeable and controls entry/exit of various chemicals in and out of cell

Question 3

Flagella

Answer 3

Tail-like projection that helps cell move

Question 4

Cilia

Answer 4

Slender protuberances that project from cell body, aid in motion or as sensory organelles (eukaryotic only)

Question 5

Mitochondria

Answer 5

Provides energy for cell by producing ATP through cellular respiration

Question 6

Chloroplasts

Answer 6

Capture light energy and is involved in photosynthesis (plants only)

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

Where most cellular activities occur and space that contains organelles

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Makes proteins from amino acids

Question 9

Lysosome

Answer 9

Breaks down “worn out” organelles, viruses/bacteria, and food particles with digestive enzymes in acidic environments (animals only)

Question 10

Centrioles

Answer 10

Critical for cell division and organization of spindle fibres in mitosis (animals only)

Question 11

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 11

Series of canals that carry materials throughout cell and help synthesize lipids

Question 12

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 12

Where many ribosomes are attached, and thus help synthesize proteins

Question 13

Vacuole

Answer 13

Membrane-surrounded, fluid-filled “storage” space that contains water, sugar, minerals, or enzymes –> plants have 1 large one, animals have multiple smaller ones

Question 14

Golgi Bodies (apparatus)

Answer 14

Stores and packages proteins and lipids

Question 15

Nucleus

Answer 15

Control center that contains DNA, has small pores that allow materials to enter or exit

Question 16

Nucleolus

Answer 16

Spherical structure of nucleus that makes ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 17

Chromosomes

Answer 17

Thread-like structures that contain genetic information