Active Transport Across the Cell Membrane

Question 1

Primary Active Transport

Answer 1

Movement of particles from area of low concentration to area of high concentration using a carrier/transport protein

Question 2

Active Transport

Answer 2

Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient –> requires energy (ATP)

Question 3

Endocytosis

Answer 3

Process where cells take in very large and/or polar macromolecules by engulfing with their plasma membranes

Question 4

Endocytosis: Phagocytosis

Answer 4

“Cell eating”: membrane extends outwards and surrounds large molecules, food fragments, or other cells like bacteria (ex. white blood cells)

Question 5

Endocytosis: Pinocytosis

Answer 5

“Cell drinking”: membrane pinches in, taking generally fluid or very small molecules with it

Question 6

Endocytosis: Receptor-Mediated

Answer 6

Receptor proteins on portion of cell membrane (called “coated pit”) bind with specific molecules outside cell and pull them in

Question 7

Exocytosis

Answer 7

Process where cell directs contents of secretory vesicles out of cell membrane –> vesicles contain soluble proteins to be secreted to extracellular environment, and proteins & lipids sent to become components of the cell membrane