Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cell Bio And Disease > Cell Organisation > Flashcards

Cell Organisation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the importance of cells coming together to form tissues

A

To specialise, withstand stress and gravity , also for better interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where on a eukaryotic cell diagram is ecm and actin filaments

A

Actin is inside cell forming cytoskeleton

ECM is outside of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which types of intermediate filaments bind desmosomes for cell-cell interaction

A

Keratin intermediate filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which actin binding proteins are important for cellular movement, contraction and membrane/vesicular movement

A

Myosin 1 and 2 (2 is in muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which structures are supported by actins

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Do all cells come together Eg for interaction and strength

A

No some are individuals Eg immune lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain the layers of gut

A

Epithelial lined microvilli (epithelial tissue of cells)

Then a connective tissue layer

Muscle tissue layer (with muscle cells)

Another connective tissue layer with a lot of ecm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why do we unlike plants need tissues and cell adhesion strength

A

We don’t have a plant cell wall to withstand mechanical stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give 2 examples of connective tissue/ecm

A

Cartilage and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give the name of the ecm usually under epithelial tissue

A

Basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does epithelial,muscle and nervous tissue differ from connective tissue

A

Higher cell-cell contact, less ecm

Connective tissue like cartilage has a lot of ecm and less cells like fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do cells communicate in high ecm connective tissues if spaced out

A

Via the ecm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give 2 examples of where epithelial tissue is

A

Microvilli in gut

Epidermis of skin (High cell cell contact)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What links cells for mechanical force and signalling and how

A

Cell junctions

They interact with cytoskeleton either actin or if

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is basal lamina for which attaches via actin to cells

A

Barrier to stress and also withstand gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which 2 ways can cells communicate in epi/ other muscle or nervous tissues

A

Directly cell cell via junctions or indirectly via ecm / Basal lamina

17
Q

Cells are polarised. Where do molecules made my cell go to from er

A

Baso lateral membrane

18
Q

What are the 4 epithelial cell types

A

Columnar (long)

Cuboidal

Squamous (flat)

Stratified (stacked)

19
Q

What are proteins which link cell junctions/ or integrons etc to cytoskeleton called

A

Ic Adaptor proteins

20
Q

What junctions use Cadherins (adhesion molecules)

A

Adheren junctions

21
Q

Which linker proteins bind Cadherin with actin filaments in adheren junctions

A

Catenins

22
Q

What is cadherin in epithelial tissue called

A

E cadherin

23
Q

What makes cadherins flexible in response to calcium

A

Hinge region

24
Q

What is the term to say cadherins Eg e cadherins only bind other e cadherins

A

Homophillic

25
Q

What happens when ca becomes present to cadherins

A

They stop being rigid and close to cell membrane

Stick out via hinge region and can bind other e cadherins

26
Q

How does catenin make contact with actin and stabilise

A

Vinculin

27
Q

Which small gtpases allow cell signalling eg protrusion/cell motility during cadherin junctions

A

RAC gtpase

28
Q

What is rho gtpase for

A

Further stability and gravity withstanding and also cell signalling

29
Q

Is cadherin reduced in cancers or increased

A

Reduced. Causing metastasis because lack of cell adhesion

30
Q

How are desmosome junctions different to adheren junctions

A

Interact with intermediate filaments instead of actin

31
Q

What are the 2 non classical cadherin proteins in desmosome junctions

A

Desmoglein

Desmocollin

32
Q

What linker/adapter holds IF to the desmoglein/desmocollins

A

Desmoplakin

33
Q

What are tight junctions for

A

Cell polarity Diff apical to baso lateral

Form a selective permeability barrier to molecules like glucose receptors which will differ apical and basal side

34
Q

Give an example of polarisation using glucose via tight junctions

A

Diff glucose transporters at top Eg glucose na transporter apical side, then a glut on basal side for reabsorption

35
Q

Which junctions bind IF to ecm to hold cell matrix interaction

A

Hemidesmosomes

36
Q

Which 2 channels are in gap junctions

A

Connexins and innexins

37
Q

What is allowed through gap junctions

A

Small water soluble molecules

Not proteins

38
Q

Give an example of a molecule which can close gap junctions to reduce communication in cells

A

Dopamine in neurones

Cell Bio And Disease (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions