Cell Organelles and Membranes

Question 1

the structural and functional unit of life
the basic unit of biological activity

Answer 1

the cell

Question 2

who contributed to the concept of cell

Answer 2

schleiden and schwann

Question 3

largest and prominent organelle
contains the DNA

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

network of interconnecting membranes enclosing channels or cisternae

Answer 4

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

large portion of the ER studded with ribosomes

Answer 5

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 6

portion of the ER that is involved in the synthesis of lipids

Answer 6

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

network of flattened smooth membrane and vesicles
functions in protein sorting, packaging, and secretion

Answer 7

golgi apparatus

Question 8

are spherical vesicles enveloped by a single membrane
regarded as the digestive tract of the cell, since they are actively involved in digestion of cellular substances

Answer 8

lysosomes

Question 9

centre for the cellular respiration and energy metabolism

Answer 9

mitochondria

Question 10

separates the cell from the external environment
has a highly selective permeability properties

Answer 10

plasma membrane

Question 11

type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes

Answer 11

passive transport

Question 12

movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Answer 12

simple diffusion

Question 13

can operate bidirectionally
does not require energy but the rate of transport is more rapid than simple diffusion process

Answer 13

facilitated diffusion

Question 14

are specialized protein molecules that span the membranes
generally remain closed, but in response to stimulus, they open allowing rapid flux of ions down the gradient

Answer 14

ion channels

Question 15

form of transport requires energy
is unidirectional

Answer 15

active transport

Question 16

active transport requires specialized integral proteins called

Answer 16

transporters

Question 17

in active transport, molecules move

Answer 17

low to high concentration, need ATP

Question 18

in passive transport, molecules move

Answer 18

high to low concentration, no need of energy

Question 19

system that carries single solute across the membrane

Answer 19

uniport system

Question 20

system where the transporter carries two solutes in the same direction across the membrane

Answer 20

symport system

Question 21

system that carries two solutes or ions in opposite direction

Answer 21

antiport system

Question 22

the process of actively transporting molecules into the cell by engulfing it with its membrane

Answer 22

endocytosis

Question 23

eating of the cell

Answer 23

phagocytosis

Question 24

drinking of the cell

Answer 24

pinocytosis