Cell Organelles Flashcards
What is the role of the vacuole?
-Stores sugars and ammino acids.
-For storage and support in animal cells.
What is the role of the nucleolus?
Manufactures ribosomes and ribosomal RNA.
What is the role of the mitocondria?
-Site of areobic respiration.
-Releases energy and produces ATP.
What is the structure of mitocondrian?
-Inner membrane called cristae for large surface area.
-Most of the mitocondrian is made up by a matrix.
-Contain their own DNA.
What is the role of the cell wall?
-For stability
-Resists osmotic changes.
-Water moves through freely.
What 4 organelles are bound by a double membrane?
-Nucleolus
-Chloroplasts
-Mitocondria
-Nucleous
What is the role of the golgi body/appuratus?
-Modifies protiens by adding carbohydrates and packages them.
-Forms lysosomes.
What is the golgi body made out of?
Made of flattened sacs called cisternae.
What is the role of the lysosomes?
-Digests materials such as pathogens.
-Contains hydrolytic enzymes which hydrolyses substances and fuse with the vesicles.
What is the role of the chloroplasts?
-Carries out photosythisis.
-Has its own DNA.
What is the structure of a chloroplast?
-The chloroplast envolope which decides what enters the chloroplast.
-Th grana which contains chlorophyll and for a large surface area.
-The stroma which contains enzymes for photosynthisis.
What organelles are bound by no membrane?
Ribosomes and cell wall
What organelles are bound by a single membrane?
-Rough and smooth endoplasmic rectillium.
-Golgi body
-Lysosomes
-Vacuole
What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic rectillium?
Synthisises carbohydrates and lipids.
What is the role of the nucleous?
-Contains genetic material (chromosones)
-Carries out protein synthisis.
What is the role of the ribosomes?
-Site of protiensythisis
What are the two types of ribosomes?
-70s- in prokaryotic cells
-80s-in eukaryotic cells
-Both made out of proteins and ribosomal RNA.
What is the cell wall made out of in a plant cell?
Cellulose
What is the cell wall made out of in fungi?
Chitin
What is the role of the rough endoplasmic rectullium?
Carries out protien synthisis as it is attached to ribosomes.
What is the exosytosis process?
-Proteins and lipids are made in the smooth and rough ER.
-The protiens go the the golgi body by vesicals.
-The golgi body modifies protiens by adding carbohydrates.
-Then moves to the cell membrane by vesicals.
-The protiens then FUSE out the membranes and exosytosis happens.
