cell membrane & transport

Question 1

the _______ _________ model is used to describe the structure of the cell membrane

Answer 1

fluid mosaic

Question 2

a form of endocytosis where smaller substances are brought into the cell by forming vessicles at the cell membrane

Answer 2

pinocytosis

Question 3

_______ transport via proteins (help) requires no energy input

Answer 3

fascilitated

Question 4

the ________ gland requires the active transport of iodine out of the blood and into its cells

Answer 4

thyroid

Question 5

a membrane is said to be __________ permeable if it lets some things pass through it, but does not allow other things to pass

Answer 5

selectively

Question 6

the movement of a vacuole out of the cell

Answer 6

exocytosis

Question 7

a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another

Answer 7

solution

Question 8

a type of endocytosis where larger substances are brought into the cell by forming vacuoles at the cell membrane

Answer 8

phagocytosis

Question 9

receptor-__________ endocytosis occurs when a substance binds to a receptor protein and causes another substance to be taken into a cell via vessicle formation

Answer 9

mediated

Question 10

if a plant cell is laced in a hypertonic solution _______ may occur (you should be able to draw this!!)

Answer 10

plasmolysis

Question 11

if an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution _________ may occur

Answer 11

crenation

Question 12

when an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, _______ may occur

Answer 12

lysis

Question 13

the sodium / potassium pump is found in large numbers in these kind of cells

Answer 13

nerve

Question 14

carrier proteins are _______ meaning they only carry one type of particle

Answer 14

specific

Question 15

refers to a solution that is less concentrated when compared to another solution

Answer 15

hypotonic

Question 16

the substance that does the dissolving in a solution

Answer 16

solvent

Question 17

________sized molecules tend to produce a higher rate of diffusion

Answer 17

smaller

Question 18

________proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

Answer 18

enzymatic

Question 19

__________ proteins cause a change to the cell membrane when a specifically shaped molecule binds its binding site

Answer 19

receptor

Question 20

the diffusion rate can be increased by raising the ______, which in turn increases the speed at which particles are moving

Answer 20

temperature

Question 21

active transport is able to move molecules _______ the concentration gradient

Answer 21

against

Question 22

when solutions on either side of a membrane are the same concentration, there is _______ movement of water or solute across the membrane

Answer 22

no

Question 23

turgor pressure is important to plant cells because as their cells start to lose turgor pressure the plant will start to ______

Answer 23

wilt

Question 24

the substance that is being dissolved in a solution

Answer 24

solute

Question 25

a _______ protein uses ATP to change
shape to move molecules across the cell membrane

Answer 25

carrier

Question 26

this is a special type of diffusion where water is the substance that is moving

Answer 26

osmosis

Question 27

“water fearing” - molecules which do not mix well with charged or polar molecules

Answer 27

hydrophobic

Question 28

refers to a solution that is the same concentration when compared to another solution

Answer 28

isotonic

Question 29

a _______ protein only passes part way
through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Answer 29

peripheral

Question 30

this type of protein transport requires ATP as an energy source

Answer 30

active

Question 31

a carbohydrate chain attached to a lipid molecule in the cell membrane

Answer 31

glycolipid

Question 32

“water loving” - molecules which mix well with charged or polar molecules

Answer 32

hydrophilic

Question 33

the rate of diffusion can be increased by increasing the ______ gradient

Answer 33

concentration

Question 34

this occurs when there is a concentration gradient across a membrane and only water is able to pass through the membrane

Answer 34

osmotic pressure

Question 35

a cell _________ protein has glycoproteins attached to it which are unique to each organisms and aid in immune system recognition

Answer 35

recognition

Question 36

this molecule is the energy currency of the cell

Answer 36

ATP

Question 37

movement of molecules along a concentration gradient

Answer 37

diffusion

Question 38

a carbohydrate chain attached to a protein in the cell membrane

Answer 38

glycoprotein

Question 39

the movement of a vacuole into the cell

Answer 39

endocytosis

Question 40

an _________ protein passes all the way through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Answer 40

integral

Question 41

refers to a solution that is more concentrated when compared to another solution

Answer 41

hypertonic

Question 42

when movement of molecules does not require additional energy input, it is called _______

Answer 42

passive

Question 43

if a plant cell is placed in hypertonic solution, an increase in_____ pressure will develop

Answer 43

turgor

Question 44

a _______ protein allows a particular ion or molecule to pass through it with the concentration gradient and without the use of ATP

Answer 44

channel

Question 45

3 ways to increase the rate of diffusion

Answer 45

1. increase temp
2. increase concentration gradient
3. decrease size of diffusing molecules

Question 46

active transport of materials across a cell membrane move from an area of _____ concentration to an area of _____ concentration

Answer 46

low to high

Question 47

passive transport of materials across a cell membrane move from an area of _____ concentration to an area of _____ concentration

Answer 47

high to low