CELL MEMBRANE & CELL TRANSPORT

Question 1

The plasma membrane, which is a _______, regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell.

Answer 1

SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE

Question 2

regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell.

Answer 2

PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 3

Controls what enters and exits the cell to maintain an internal balance called homeostasis.

Answer 3

CELL / PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 4

Provides protection and support for the cell.

Answer 4

CELL/PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 5

The polar head of a phospholipid interacts with

Answer 5

WATER MOLECULES

Question 6

Phosphate head is ?

Answer 6

POLAR / Hydrophilic (water-loving)

Question 7

Fatty Acid Tails are ?

Answer 7

NON-POLAR/Hydrophobic (water-fearing)

Question 8

Cell membranes are _____ made up mostly of phospholipids.

Answer 8

Lipid Bilayers

Question 9

Cell membranes are lipid bilayers made up mostly of ?

Answer 9

Phospholipids

Question 10

Because of these properties, they organize themselves as ______ in a liquid medium.

Answer 10

lipid bilayer sheet or bubble

Question 11

composed of two layers of
phospholipids.

Answer 11

Lipid bilayer

Question 12

Because of these properties, they organize themselves as lipid bilayer sheet or bubble in a ________

Answer 12

Liquid medium

Question 13

Polar means ?

Answer 13

water-loving

Question 13

Non- polar means?

Answer 13

water-fearing

Question 14

The structure of cell membrane is ?

Answer 14

Proteins embedded in membrane

Question 15

What kind of molecules have difficulty entering the cell membrane?

Answer 15

Large molecules

Question 16

What molecules can easily enter the cell membrane?

Answer 16

small, non-charged lipid-soluble molecules

Question 17

Movement of substances into or out of the cell without the expenditure of energy

Answer 17

Passive Transport

Question 18

a form of diffusion that does not require the assistance of membrane proteins. In essence, the particle or substance moves from higher to lower concentration.

Answer 18

Simple Diffusion

Question 19

In simple diffusion the particle or substance moves from?

Answer 19

higher to lower concentration

Question 20

the passive movement of molecules across the cell membrane via the aid of a membrane protein.

Answer 20

Facilitated diffusion

Question 21

movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane, water moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration of water

Answer 21

Osmosis

Question 22

A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than another solution

Answer 22

Hypertonic

Question 23

Process where cells in a hypertonic solution will shrivel as water leaves the cell via osmosis.

Answer 23

PLASMOLYSIS

Question 24

A solution that has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution

Answer 24

Hypotonic

Question 25

Process where cells in a hypotonic solution will take on too much water and swell, with the risk of eventually bursting.

Answer 25

CYTOLYSIS

Question 26

Has the same concentration of solute and solvent as found inside a cell, so a cell experiences an equal flow of water into and out of the cell, maintaining equilibrium.

Answer 26

Isotonic

Question 27

Movement of substances into or out of a cell requiring expenditure of energy

Answer 27

Active Transport

Question 28

____ force molecules or ions to move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

Answer 28

Pumps

Question 29

occurs when energy is needed for a substance to move across a plasma membrane.

Answer 29

Active Transport

Question 30

What is the energy for active transport comes from the energy-carrying molecule

Answer 30

ATP

Question 31

What is needed because the substance is moving from an area of lower concentration to an area of a higher concentration, or up the concentration gradient?

Answer 31

Energy

Question 32

Movement of larger substances into or out of a cell

Answer 32

Bulk Transport

Question 33

Large molecules enter the cell
wherein the cell membrane bends inward, forming a vesicle containing the macromolecule to be transported.

Answer 33

Endocytosis

Question 34

a type of active transport that involves the transport of particles, such as large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells, into a cell.

Answer 34

Endocytosis

Question 35

Its purpose is to expel material from the cell into the extracellular fluid.

Answer 35

Exocytosis

Question 36

Is enveloped in a membrane and fuses with the interior of the plasma membrane. This fusion opens the membranous envelope on the exterior of the cell, and the ________ is expelled into the extracellular space.

Answer 36

Waste material

Question 37

the process by which large
particles, such as cells themselves are taken in by a cell.

Answer 37

Phagocytosis or “cell eating”

Question 38

Was named because of the assumption that the cell was purposefully taking in extracellular fluid. But this is a process that takes in molecules, including water, which the cell needs from the extracellular fluid.

Answer 38

Pinocytosis or “cell drinking”

Question 39

results in a much smaller vesicle than in phagocytosis,
and the vesicle does not need to merge with lysosomes

Answer 39

Pinocytosis

Question 40

It employs receptor proteins in the plasma membrane that has a specific binding affinity for certain substances; it is designed to bring
specific substances that are normally found in the extracellular fluid into the cell, and other substances may gain entry into the cell at the same site.

Answer 40

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Question 41

1. Passive Transport
2. Active Transport
3. Bulk Transport

Answer 41

1. Does not require energy
2. Requires energy in form of ATP
3. Requires vesicles and metabolic energy