Cell Injury And Death

Question 1

What components make up the necrosome?

Answer 1

RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL

Question 2

What is the key regulatory step for necroptosis?

Answer 2

Low levels of Cas 8

Question 3

What is the main mediator for necropstosis?

Answer 3

MLKL

Question 4

What are the effector caspases?

Answer 4

3, 6, 7

Question 5

What are the key initiating caspases for extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis?

Answer 5

Extrinsic: 8
Intrinsic: 9

Question 6

Which caspase is a marker of apoptosis?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

Anti-apoptotic BCL2 proteins

Answer 7

BCL2, BCLW, BCLXL, A1, MCL1

Question 8

Pro-apoptotic sensitizer BCL2 proteins

Answer 8

BID, BIM, BAD, BIK, BMF, HRK, NOXA, PUMA

Question 9

Pro-apoptotic effector BCL2 proteins

Answer 9

BAK, BAX, BOK

Question 10

Initiation of extrinsic apoptosis

Answer 10

Ligand/death receptor

Question 11

Initiation of intrinsic apoptosis

Answer 11

Mitochondria secondary to stress, DNA damage

Question 12

Which BCL proteins form the MOMP?

Answer 12

BAK, BAX, BOK

Question 13

Components of the apoptosome

Answer 13

APAF1 and cytochrome C

Question 14

What are SMAC/Diablo?

Answer 14

Inhibit inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (less inhibition of caspases), intrinsic pathway

Question 15

Activator of caspase 10

Answer 15

Perforin/granzyme

Question 16

Formation of the inflammasome is critical for which pathway?

Answer 16

Pyroptosis

Question 17

Endpoint of pyroptosis

Answer 17

Inflammation

Question 18

Endpoint of ferroptosis

Answer 18

Lipid peroxidation

Question 19

Endpoint of parthanatos

Answer 19

Large DNA cleavage

Question 20

Key component of parthanatos

Answer 20

PARP1, AIF, macrophage MIF

Question 21

Lysosome-dependent cell death endpoint

Answer 21

Severe: necrosis
Mild: apoptosis

Question 22

Lysosome-dependent cell death key component

Answer 22

Cathespins

Question 23

Immunogenicity cell death key components

Answer 23

DAMPs (calreticulin, ATP, HMB1, cancer cell-derived nucleic acids, annexin 1, extracellular ATP)

Question 24

Immunogenicity cell death endpoint

Answer 24

Apoptosis and inflammation

Question 25

Entosis mechanistic components

Answer 25

Cadherin, loss of attachment, actomyosin-dependent

Question 26

Autophagy formation process

Answer 26

ULK1 complex interacts with VSP34 (PI3K) complex

Question 27

Autophagy elongation proteins

Answer 27

LC3 (Atg8) and PE

Question 28

Marker of autophagy

Answer 28

LC3

Question 29

Autophagy stimulation

Answer 29

Starvation (amino acid insufficiency) —> lack of mTOR