Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cell Bio > Cell Death > Flashcards

Cell Death Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Senescence refers to

A

Cell cycle arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Senescence is associated with

A

Lipofuscin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lipofuscin is composed of lipid containing residues originating from

A

Lysosomal digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Proliferation is associated with

A

The cell cycle to maintain a pool of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dormancy of a cell refers to when a cell is

A

Alive but with very little function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

And example of dormancy is the

A

Dormant metastatic cells in cancer patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 types of cell death

A

Apoptosis

Necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Apoptosis refers to

A

Programmed cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Apoptosis is beneficial to the body. T/F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

An example of apoptosis deficiency is ________which is when webbed fingers and toes are formed as a result of the lack of removal supernumerary cells in embryonic development

A

Syndaktyly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Apoptosis has 2 kinds of triggers. What are they?

A

Internal triggers

External triggers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis starts in which organelle

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria is activated by

A

BCL2 family sensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The formation of BAX and BAK are to

A

Form channels in the mitochondria so that cytochrome C can leak into the cytosol

Block BCL2 and BCL-XL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

BAX and BAK are activated by

A

BAD and PUMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the function of BCL2 and BCL-XL are to

A

Block BAX and BAK channels

Do not allow the release of cytochrome C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The release of cytochrome C initiates the activation of________which then initiates the activation of __________

A

Caspase 9; caspase 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The functions of caspase 3 are

A

Activation of CADS

Lysis of nuclear skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cytochrome c is located on the ________of the mitochondria

A

Inner membrane

20
Q

Cytochrome c is released from the mitochondria through
a channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane known as

A

Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP)

21
Q

In the cytosol, cytochrome c induces formation of a

A

Apoptosome

22
Q

Apoptosomes activates

A

Caspase 9

23
Q

The function of CAD’S is to

A

Condense the chromatin

24
Q

Apoptosis induces the loss of which cytoskeleton component

A

Actin

25
Q

Apoptotic bodies are cleared by

A

Macrophages

26
Q

Macrophages recognize apoptotic bodies by_______which is located on the outer surface of the apoptotic body

A

Phospatidylserine.

These are located in the inner membrane of healthy cells

27
Q

Necrosis is the cell death as a result of

A

Injury

28
Q

The most common mechanism of necrosis is

A

Hypoxia and Ischemia

29
Q

Hypoxia is the reduction of

A

O2 availability

30
Q

Hypoxia is cause by _______which is a reduction of blood flow in the tissues

A

Ischemia

31
Q

Hypoxia leads to a reduction in__________which causes ATP depletion

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

32
Q

ATP depletion causes swelling of the mitochondria because it causes the insufficiency of the________which causes an influx of water

A

Na pump

33
Q

ATP depletion causes the activation of _______which results in the accumulation of lactic acid

A

Anaerobic glycolysis

34
Q

What are free radicals

A

Chemical species with a single unpaired electron

35
Q

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body are

A

Superoxide radical; hydroxyl radical

36
Q

ROS are produced during

A

Electron transfer in the respiratory chain

37
Q

ROS indused injury includes

A

Lipid peroxidation
Protein unfolding and misfiling
DNA damage

38
Q

Irreversible injury of a cell is caused by the

A

Rupture of membranes

39
Q

Damage to the mitochondria causes

A

Swelling
Accumulation of small amorphous densities

40
Q

Damage to the endoplasmic reticulum causes

A

Detached ribosomes

41
Q

Damage to the cytomembrame causes

A

Blabbing and blunting
Loss of microvilli

42
Q

Reversible injury is caused by

A

Injury of membranes

43
Q

Injury of membranes (reversible) causes

A

Increased permeability

44
Q

What are the 3 types of nuclear changes

A

Karyolyisi
Pyknosis
Karyorrhexis

45
Q

Apoptosis may start with one of the 3;

Karyolyisi
Pyknosis
Karyorrhexis

A

Pyknosis

46
Q

Pyknosis is defined as

A

Nuclear shrinkage and clumping of the chromosomes

47
Q

Karyolysis can be decribed as

A

Nuclear dissolution

Cell Bio (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions