Cell biology (B1) Flashcards
cytoplasm
site of chemical reactions
gel like substance containing enzymes to catalyse the reactions
nucleus
contains genetic material
control the activities of the cell
cell membrane
controls the movement of substances in out of the cell
ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
mitrochondria
site of respiration
where energy is released for the cell to function
bacterial DNA
floats in the cytoplasm
cell wall (bacteria)
not made of cellulose
support and strengthens the cell
plasmid
small rings of DNA
contains additional genes
permanent vacuole
contains cell sap
contains sugar and salts in a solution
cell wall
made of cellulose
supports and strengthens the cell
chloroplasts
site of photosynthesis
contains chlorophyll, absorbs light energy
nerve cell
carry electrical signals
long branches to create a network
sperm cell
fertilise the egg
streamlined head that contains enzymes for digestion
tail and mirtchondria to swim
muscle cell
contracts to allow movement
contains mitochondria
root hair cell
absorb water and minerals from soil
large surface area
xylem cell
carry water and minerals
Transpiration
phloem cell
carry glucose
hollow
magnification (M) =
real size of object (A)
What are stem cells
how a cell changes and becomes specialised undifferentiated cells are are called stem cells
animal cell differentiation
early stages of development only for repair and replacement
plant cell differentiation
all stages of life cycle are grouped together in meristems
features of a microscope
eyepiece lenses
focusing wheel
stage
light source
