Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Cell Biology > Flashcards

Cell Biology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell and examples

A

A more complex cell eg animal and plant cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s a prokaryote cell and an example

A

Smaller and simpler cells eg bacteria cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s the nucleas

A

Contains genetic material and controls cell activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s cytoplasm

A

Gel like substance where most chemical reactions happen
Also contains enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What’s mitochondria

A

Where most reactions for aerobic respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What’s cell membrane

A

Holds cell together and controls what goes in or out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What’s ribosome

A

Where proteins are made in the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’s a rigid cell wall

A

Made of cellulose it supports and strengthens cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s chloroplasts and what do they contain

A

Where photosynthesis occurs and contains Chlorophyll which is green and absorbs light for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What’s a permenant vacuole

A

Contains cell sap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What Sub cellular structures do animals cells contain

A

Nucleus mitochondria cytoplasm cell membrane and ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What sub cellular structures to plant cells have

A

Nucleus mitochondria ribosomes cell membrane cytoplasm rigid cell wall chloroplast and permanent vacuole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What sub cellular structure do bacteria cells have

A

Cell membrane cell wall plasmid cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do light microscopes work

A

Use light and lenses to magnify a specimen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do electron microscopes work

A

Use electrons instead of light and have a much higher resolution than light microscopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the six parts of a microscope

A

Eyepiece
Cource adjustment knob
Fine adjustment knob
Light
Stage
High and low power objective lens

17
Q

What is differentiation

A

Is the procces by which a cell changes to become specialtied for its job

18
Q

How are sperm cells specialised

A

Specialised for reproduction
Long tail, streamlined head,lots of mitochondria to provide needed energy,carried enzymes to digest trhough egg cell membrane

19
Q

How are nerve cells specialised

A

For rapid signalling
Long and have branched contractions to connect to other nerve cells

20
Q

How are muscle cells specialised

A

For contraction
Long to have space to contract
Lots of mitochondria to generate energy needed for contraction

21
Q

How are root hair cells specialised

A

Absorbing water and minerals
Gives plant big surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions

22
Q

How are phloem and xylem cells specialised

A

Transporting substances
Form tubes end to end
Very few subcelular substances

23
Q

Why are people against and for stem cell research

A

Due to each one being potential human life
The embryos used are unwanted for fertility clinics

24
Q

Where are stem cells in plants and how are there benefits

A

Meristem cells in it can differentiate into any type of cells
Can be used to grow rare species of plants
Or have desired features eg desise resistant

25
Q

What are chromosomes

A

Coiled up lengths of dna molecules

26
Q

What’s the process of mitosis

A

Chromosomes line up in centre and cell fibres pull them apart
Membranes form around the sets of chromosomes ,these become the nucleui
Lastly the cytoplasm an cell membrane divide
Cell has produced new daughter cells

27
Q

What is diffusion

A

The spreading out of particles from and area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

28
Q

What molecules can fit through cell membranes

A

Small eg oxygen glucose amino acids and water

29
Q

What is osmosis

A

The movement of water molecules across a partically permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to low water concentration

30
Q

How does root hair cells take in minerals

A

Through active transport
It allows the plant to absorb minerals from a very dilute solution against a concentration gradient

31
Q

How is active transport used in the gut

A

Lower concentration of nutrients in gut and a higher concentration in the blood

32
Q

What 2 elements are transfers during gas exchange

A

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

33
Q

How are exchange surfaces adapted to maximise effectiveness

A

Thin membrane so substances only have a short distance to diffuse
Large surface area so lots of substances can diffuse at once

34
Q

How are the lungs adapted for gas exchange

A

Millions of alveoli that
Have ab enormous surface area
Moist lining
Very thin walls

35
Q

How are villi adapted for gas exchange

A

Really big surface area
Single layer of surface cells
Very good blood supply for quick absorption

36
Q

How does the structure of leaves allow for gases to diffuse in and out of cells

A

Stomata which co2 oxygen and water Vapour diffuses through
Size of stomata controlled by guard cells (close stomata if plant is loosing too much water )
Flattened shape of leaf increases area of gas exchange

Biology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions