Cell Biology Flashcards
Define cell communication.
This is the communication between cells.
Understand different types of intracellular communication.
Cells are involved in Chemical Signaling. Which is broken down to Local signaling and long distance signaling. Local signaling is further broken down into two types i.e. Juxtacrine( this is contact dependent meaning that cells communicate through gap junctions) and Local messengers. Local messengers broken down into three part Paracrine signals which diffuse locally and act on neighbouring cells, Neural signals which diffuse a short distance between neurons and lastly autocrine cells which acts on the same cells that secrete them.
Define first and second messengers.
2nd messengers = intracellular molecules or ions that diffuse to
protein targets. Examples: cyclic AMP (cAMP), inositol phosphates,
cGMP and Ca2+
Understand concept of signaling cascades.
What are the three classes of membrane receptors
G-protein-linked receptors
Enzyme-linked receptors
Ion channel receptors
Function of JAK-STAT PATHWAY
Regulate growth, survival, differentiation and pathogen resistance
Two main Classes involved in Signal Transduction
Protein kinases/phosphatases and GTPase( Link between 1st messenger and relay molecules generally
involves a G protein)
Name two principal transduction pathways involving the GPCR
cAMP and Phosphatidylinositol
Molecules that control caffeine levels
Cholera toxin
Caffeine
Pertussis toxin
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
List the four main groups of hormones
Amines
Proteins and peptides
Steroids
Eicosanoids
What are Eicosanoids broken down to form.
Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes.
List the different types of Common signaling pathways
G Prot-cAMP pathway
G-prot Phospholipase Cpathway
Elicosanoid Cox1/2(lipoxygenase pathway)
JAK-STAT pathway
MAP KINASE pathway
