Cell Bio Midterm Review Flashcards
Exocrine
Retain connection
Endocrine
Lose connection
- Paracrine - affect neighboring cells
- Autocrine - affect self
3 Mechanisms of secretion
- Merocrine-serous, cell intact
- Apocrine-cells repaired
- Holocrine-cells burst
Ex simple tubular gland
Intestine
Ex Simple tubular branched
Stomach/uterus
Ex Simple Alveolar
Sebacious
Ex Simple coiled tubular gland
Sweat gland
Ex Branched tubular
Oral cavity
Ex Branched alveolar
Pancreas
Ex Branched Tubuloacinar
Submandible
Mammary
Hierarchy of duct system
Capsule Septa Lobe Lobule Lobar duct Interlobulated duct Intralobular duct Striated duct Intercalated duct Acinus
Myoepithelial Cells
Part of acinus
Derived from epithelium
Surround cells on outside, spindle shaped
Posses actin containing microfilaments which squeeze secretory cells and move their products toward excretory ducts
Rough ER
In cytosol
Protein synthesis
Lipid synthesis (cytosolic leaflet)
-transport lipid to cell membranes through vesicle transport
Smooth ER
No ribosomes
Synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol
Golgi 4 Functions
Sorts products into different pathways
Location of post translational modifications
Site for assembly of proteoglycans
Sulfation
Golgi cis face
Receives transporting vesicles from rough ER
coated with coatamers
Golgi trans face
Exit face for membrane
Vesicles with lysosomes
Mitochondria
Aquaporin - voltage dependent anion channel
Aq channel for molecules under 10kDa
Inner membrane that extends into fluid filled space
-cardiolipin - makes inner membrane impermeable
Matrix - house Kreb cycle components here, mitochondrial DNA, production of CO2 and NADA-primary source of electrons for ETC
Primary Lysosome
Formed by golgi, primary storage for lysosomal hydrolases
Secondary Lysosome
Lysosomes that have fused with phagosome, endosome or autophagosome and are involved in catalytic processes
2 Lysosomal Pathways
Endocytosis
Autophagy
Phagocytosis
Endocytosis
Small molecules taken up by cell and directed to vesicles called endosomes, which eventually form lysosomes
Autophagy
Worn out organelles are broken down by lysosomal activity
Phagocytosis
Worn out organelles broken down by cells specialized for the uptake of bacteria, viruses and large particles
Peroxisomes
Assembled from proteins synthesized on free ribosomes in the cytosol
32 different proteins called peroxins
Production of hydrogen peroxide and its breakdown by catalase-breaks down H2O2 into water
Synthesis of bile salts in liver
Function of Respiratory chain
To transport the electrons to oxygen, leading to oxidative phosphorylation
Endosomal
Lysosomal pathway
occurs in secondary lysosomes
Procaspase
Caspase pathway
occurs in cytosol
Ubiquitin
occurs within cytosol
- Attachment of ubiquitin to protein substrate
- Degredation of target protein by 26S proteasome
Apoptosis
Cell death without inflammation process
3 Phases of Apoptosis
Recognition of damaged cell Execution Elimination 2 Pathways -Extrinsic -Intrinsic
