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Biochemistry > Cell anatomy > Flashcards

Cell anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Basic unit of life

A

Cell

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2
Q

Building blocks of matter

A

Cells

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3
Q

Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life

A

Cell

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4
Q

groups of cells that are similar in structure and function

A

Tissues

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5
Q

All cells share general structures
(True or False)

A

True

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6
Q

Cells are all the same
(True or false)

A

False

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7
Q

The three main regions of cells

A

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane

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8
Q

Control center of the cell

A

The Nucleus

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9
Q

Contains genetic material (DNA)

A

The Nucleus

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10
Q

Three regions of Nucleus

A

Nuclear membrane
Nucleolus
Chromatin

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11
Q

Barrier of nucleus, Protects the nucleus

A

Nuclear Membrane

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12
Q

Consists of a double phospholipid membrane

A

Nuclear Membrane

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13
Q

Contain nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell

A

Nuclear Membrane

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14
Q

Sites of ribosome production

A

Nucleoli

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15
Q

Ribosomes then migrate to the cytoplasm through ____

A

Nuclear Pores

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16
Q

Nucleus contains one or more nucleoli
(True or false)

A

True

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17
Q

Composed of DNA and protein, Scattered throughout the nucleus

A

Chromatin

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18
Q

it condenses to form chromosomes when the cell divides

A

Chromatin

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19
Q

Barrier for cell contents

A

Cell/Plasma Membrane

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20
Q

Double phospholipid layer of Plasma membrane

A

Hydrophilic heads
Hydrophobic tails

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21
Q

Other materials in plasma membrane

A

Protein
Cholesterol
Glycoproteins

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22
Q

Finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption

A

Microvilli

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23
Q

Material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane

A

Cytoplasm

24
Q

3 Membrane junctions under Plasma membrane Specialization

A

Tight junctions-branching network
Desmosomes-anchoring
Gap junctions-cellular communication

25
Q

Fluid that suspends other elements

A

Cytosol

26
Q

Metabolic machinery of the cell

A

Organelles

27
Q

Made of protein and RNA, Sites of protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

28
Q

Ribosomes is Found at two locations

A

-Free in the cytoplasm
-Attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

29
Q

Fluid-filled tubules for carrying substances

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

30
Q

Two types of ER

A

Smooth and rough ER

31
Q

Studded with ribosomes, Site where building materials of cellular membrane are formed

A

Rough ER

32
Q

Functions in cholesterol synthesis and breakdown, fat metabolism, and detoxification of drugs

A

Smooth ER

33
Q

Modifies and packages proteins

A

Golgi apparatus

34
Q

Golgi apparatus produces 3 different types of packages, namely:

A

Secretory vesicles
Cell membrane components
Lysosomes

35
Q

Contain enzymes that digest non usable materials within the cell

A

Lysosomes

36
Q

Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes

A

Peroxisomes

37
Q

Detoxify harmful substances
Break down free radicals
(highly reactive chemicals)

A

Peroxisomes

38
Q

“Powerhouses” of the cell

A

Mitochondria

39
Q

Carry out reactions where oxygen is used to break down food

A

Mitochondria

40
Q

Provides ATP for cellular energy

A

Mitochondria

41
Q

Network of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm

A

Cytoskeleton

42
Q

Provides the cell with an internal framework

A

Cytoskeleton

43
Q

Three different types of cytoskeleton

A

Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules

44
Q

Rod-shaped bodies made of microtubules

A

Centrioles

45
Q

Direct formation of mitotic spindle during cell division

A

Centrioles

46
Q

Not found in all cells, Used for movement

A

Cellular Projections

47
Q

moves materials across the cell surface

A

cilia

48
Q

it propels the cell

A

Flagellum

49
Q

Cells that connect body parts

A

Connective tissue, Fibroblast

50
Q

Cells that cover and line body organs

A

Epithelial Cell

51
Q

Cells that move organs and body parts

A

Skeletal muscle cell, smooth muscle cell

52
Q

Cell that stores nutrient

A

Fat cell *vacuole

53
Q

to store energy in the form of lipids

A

Fat cell or adipocyte

54
Q

Cell that fights disease

A

Macrophage cell-specialized white blood cell

55
Q

cells that gather information and controls body function

A

Nerve cell

56
Q

Cells of reproduction

A

egg cell and sperm cell

Biochemistry (6 decks)

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