CDM Flashcards
hyperkal = seen in which dz? how to tx?
rhabdo. IV calcium glucoronate/Cl-, chk K+ lvls before insulin, D50 for hypoglycemia
pathophys of rhabdo. 3ad of rhabdo
mgb bind to THP in TAL -> precipitate into DCT -> no urine or K+ excretion. myalgia, mm weakness, red/brown urine from mgburia
labs to order for PSGN vs nephrolith
CBC, BMP, UA, ESR, C3/4, BHCG, troponin/BNP; CXR A/P, EKG vs CBC, BMP, UA, BHCG; CT noncon A/P (KUB second line)
labs to order for rhabdo vs urothelial ca
CBC, CMP, UA, VBG, CK, phosphorus, uric acid, BHCG; EKG vs CBC, BMP, UA, PVR, BHCG; MRI A/P
what kind of casts you see for glom dz vs rhabdo?
dysmorphic RBCs, acanthocytes vs brown granular casts, <5 RBCs
risk factors for urothelial ca? rhabdo?
smoking, aromatic amines, herbicides, Agent Orange. HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, alc, heat/electricity, crush, overexer
Ta-T1 vs pT2a-T4b bladder ca stage. N0 vs N1 vs N2 vs N3
invades submucosa or lamina propria, not muscularis propria vs invades muscularis propria -> cystectomy. no LN vs 1 LN vs mult LN vs common iliac LN; tx all w/ resection + neoadjuvant therapy
which dz involves hypercalcemia? how to tx?
stones. IV fluids, bisphos, calcitonin, furosemide
pain ctrl for stones?
NSAIDS -> ketorolac 30mg (half for >65yo or renal dz), ibuprofen; opioids if CI or refractory to NSAIDS
what does ketorolac do?
constrict aff arteriole (blocks PG that nmllly dil aff arteriole)
nephritic vs nephrotic syndrome
hematuria, proteinuria <3.5g/d, HTN, edema, transient azotemia vs proteinuria >3.5g/d, hypoalbumin, HLD/lipiduria, edema
what does urine show in urothelial ca?
no dysmorphic cells, no casts, >100 RBC
if HTN crisis, give what?
labetalol. NO ACE/ARB in AKI
Major vs minor JONES criteria
Arthritis, endocarditis, chorea, erythema marginatum, subq nodules vs fever, arthralfia, prolonged PR, elevated acute phase reactants
