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immunology > cd4 t cells > Flashcards

cd4 t cells Flashcards

1
Q

what type of response does the innate immune system drive?

A

immediate

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2
Q

how long does the adaptive immune system take to respond?

A

5-10 days

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3
Q

how specific is the innate immune system?

A

not very - binds a whole range of molecules

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4
Q

how specific is the adaptive immune system?

A

very - highly specific

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5
Q

what ligands are used in the innate immune system?

A

pamps

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6
Q

what ligands are used in the adaptive immune system?

A

any protein, lipid or carbohydrate

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7
Q

how fast is the response of the innate immune system on re-exposure?

A

the same

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8
Q

how fast is the response of the adaptive immune system on re-exposure?

A

faster bc of memory cells

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9
Q

what is the receptor on t helper cells?

A

cd4

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10
Q

what mhc class do t helper cells bind to?

A

mhc class II

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11
Q

what cells does HIV target?

A

cd4 t helper cells

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12
Q

which cytokine drives the clonal expansion of cd4 cells?

A

il-2

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13
Q

which cytokine causes th0 to turn into th1?

A

IL-12/23

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14
Q

what makes IL-12?

A

dendritic cells that have recently been exposed to a virus or bacteria

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15
Q

which cytokine causes th0 to turn into th2?

A

IL-4

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16
Q

what makes IL-4?

A

mast cells that have been activated by worms

17
Q

what cytokines do th1 cells produce?

A

IFN-gamma

18
Q

what do th1 cells do?

A

activate macrophages

19
Q

what cytokines do th2 cells produce?

A

IL-4, 5, 13

20
Q

what does IL-4 do?

A

stimulates the production of IgE

21
Q

what do th2 cells do?

A

stimulate b cells to become plasma cells and produce antibodies

22
Q

are th1 cells involved in the cell-mediated response or the humoral response?

A

cell mediated

23
Q

are th2 cells involved in the cell mediated response or humoral response?

A

humoral

24
Q

why can th2 responses be bad?

A

make il-4 which stimulates production of IgE which causes allergies because it causes mast cells to produce histamines

25
Q

what do th17 cells do?

A

respond to extracellular bacteria

26
Q

what do t-reg cells do?

A

restrain immune responses

immunology (6 decks)

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