Causes Of French Revolution

Question 0

When did Calonne tell Louis the government was on the verge of bankruptcy ?

Answer 0

August 1786

Question 1

When was the Seven Years War?

Answer 1

1756-1763

Question 2

When was France at war for 20 years?

Answer 2

Between 1740 and 1783

Question 3

What did Calonne propose to reform the financial state in France

Answer 3

Main proposal to replace the capitation and land tax with single land tax on person not land and no exemptions for anyone

Also abandon controls on grain trade and restore national confidence in loans

Question 4

Who replaced Calonne

Answer 4

Brienne

Question 5

When was the estates general agreed to meet

Answer 5

1 May 1789

Question 6

When and why were the Paris parlements exiled to Troyes ?

Answer 6

August 1787 and because Louis was angry as they did not agree to Briennes reforms

Question 7

When was Louis forced to allow the Paris Parlements to return?

Answer 7

Sept 1788

Question 8

When was the tennis court oath?

Answer 8

June 1789

Question 9

When was the storming of the Bastille ?

Answer 9

July 1789

Question 10

When was the commune set up in Paris ?

Answer 10

15 July 1789 day after the storming of Bastille

Question 11

When were the august decrees?

Answer 11

August 1789

Question 12

What were the main terms of the august decrees ?

Answer 12

Tithes abolished, venality abolished , financial and tax privileges abolished , all citizens taxes equally and special privileges abolished

Question 13

When was the declaration of rights of man?

Answer 13

26 August 1789

Question 14

When was church land nationalised ?

Answer 14

November 1789

Question 15

When were the October days and what were they a result of?

Answer 15

October 1789 and women marched to assembly and king due to his refusal to agree to the decrees and declaration and also because of bread shortages

Question 16

Define absolutism or autocracy

Answer 16

Where one person holds all power

Question 17

Define a province

Answer 17

An area governed as part of a country or an empire

Question 18

What were intendants ?

Answer 18

Officials appointed by and answerable to the crown

Responsible for police justice and finance.

Question 19

Generalites definition

Answer 19

34 areas Into which France was divided for the purpose of tax collection and under control of an intendant

Question 20

What was the taille ? Who paid and was it direct or indirect ?

Answer 20

Land tax
Direct tax
Paid by third estate

Question 21

Vingtieme tax who paid and direct or indirect?

Answer 21

5% of income
Paid by third estate
Direct tax

Question 22

Capitation ? Direct or indirect ? And who paid ?

Answer 22

Poll tax or tax on people
Direct
Paid by theoretically second and third but mainly third estate

Question 23

Who was exempt from the taille ?

Answer 23

Nobles

Question 24

Gabelle tax

Answer 24

Indirect Tax on salt Paid by everyone

Question 25

Aidas tax

Answer 25

Indirect Paid by everyone Tax on food and drink

Question 26

Octrois tax

Answer 26

Indirect Paid by everyone Tax on goods entering town

Question 27

What was tax collection known as and who collected them?

Answer 27

Tax farming | Collected by company called Farmers-General

Question 28

What was the venality system ?

Answer 28

Many officials who collected taxes were under this system It was a system where certain jobs could be bought or transferred onto descendants These officials could not be dismissed therefore =corruption

Question 29

How does church avoid paying tax?

Answer 29

By making a voluntary contribution annual grant of approx 16 million livres - only 5% of their income

Question 30

What is plurality ?

Answer 30

The holding of more than one bishopric or parish by an individual

Question 31

What is a bishopric ?

Answer 31

The office or rank of a bishop

Question 32

What is a diocese ?

Answer 32

A district under a bishops control

Question 33

What were tithes ?

Answer 33

Charges paid by landowners to the church based on proportion of crops Money meant to to go to poor relief but most bishops kept to themselves

Question 34

Why was church unpopular ?

Answer 34

Tithes Plurality Exempt from all taxes Had significant power over people in France like censorship etc

Question 35

What were the privileges of the nobility ?

Answer 35

``` Held top jobs Tried in special courts Exempt from military service Exempt from gabelle and taille Paid no direct taxes Exempt from corvee ```

Question 36

How join the nobility ?

Answer 36

Inheritance Direct appointment by king Buying certain offices that carried hereditary titles

Question 37

What were the grievances of the third estate?

Answer 37

Taxation Tithes Feudal dues Taxes increased dramatically from 1749 to 1783

Question 38

What did the philosophes favour?

Answer 38

Liberty of press, speech, trade and wanted equality before the law

Question 39

When and what did the economic crisis. Consist of?

Answer 39

1780s agricultural prosperity ended and there were disastrous harvests which led to mass unemployment Rises in food prices led to Less demand for manufactured goods and less workers Overall food shortages Hoarding