CAUSES & MANAGEMENT OF HEARING LOSS

Question 1

The Ear-

Is the Organ for _______ and _______ is

Includes the ________ and _________

Answer 1

hearing and Balance

Cochlear & Vestibular

Question 2

• Normal hearing – _____dB

Hearing loss > _____dB in the better ear

Answer 2

0-25

25

Question 3

Classification of loss of hearing -

Topographical

• ___________
• ___________
• ___________
• ___________
• ___________

Answer 3

• Conductive
• Sensory
• Neural
• Central
• Psychogenic

Question 4

Classification of loss of hearing

severity

• Mild ____-_____ dB
• Moderate ____-_____ dB
• Moderately severe ____-_____ dB
• Severe ____-_____ dB
• Profound ____-_____ B

Answer 4

• Mild 26 – 40dB
• Moderate 41 – 55dB
• Moderately severe 56 – 70dB
• Severe 71 – 90dB
• Profound 91+ dB

Question 5

Causes of hearing loss and deafness

Although these factors can be encountered at different periods across the life span, individuals are most susceptible to their effects during critical periods in life.

Prenatal period
 __________ factors including __________ and __________ hearing loss
 intrauterine __________ – such as __________ and __________ infection.

Answer 5

genetic ;hereditary ; non-hereditary

infections ; rubella ; cytomegalovirus infection.

Question 6

Causes of hearing loss and deafness : critical periods

Perinatal period

 _____________
 _______________ (severe jaundice in the neonatal period)
 _____-birth weight
 other perinatal morbidities and their management.

Answer 6

birth asphyxia

hyperbilirubinemia

low-birth weight

Question 7

Causes of hearing loss and deafness : critical period

Childhood and adolescence

Factors across the life span
 ____________ infections (eg ______________________)

 collection of ______ in the ear (eg chronic _____________________)

 ___________ , __________ , intracranial suppurations and other infections.

Answer 7

chronic ear infections

chronic suppurative otitis media

fluid ; chronic nonsuppurative otitis media

meningitis, measles

Question 8

Causes of hearing loss and deafness

Adulthood and older age
 _________ diseases
 _______
 _________
 age-related _______________
 ____________———— hearing loss.
 Trauma from RTAs, Falls, Assault etc

Answer 8

 chronic diseases
 smoking
 otosclerosis
 age-related sensorineural degeneration
 sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
 Trauma from RTAs, Falls, Assault etc

Question 9

Causes of hearing loss and deafness: critical periods

Factors across the life span

__________ impaction (impacted _______ )
 _______ to the ear or head
 ____ noise/____ sounds
_______ medicines
 work related ototoxic chemicals
 _________ deficiencies
 viral infections and other ear conditions
 delayed onset or progressive _______ hearing loss.

Answer 9

cerumen; ear wax

trauma; loud ; loud

ototoxic; nutritional; genetic

Question 10

Effective strategies for reducing hearing loss at different stages of the life course
include:

________________;
 good ________ and ________ practices;
_____ counselling;
 identification and management of common ear conditions;
_________________ programmes for noise and chemical exposure;

 safe listening strategies for the reduction of exposure to loud sounds in recreational settings; and
 rational use of medicines to prevent ototoxic hearing loss.

Answer 10

immunization

maternal and childcare

genetic

occupational hearing conservation

Question 11

Identification and management
Early identification of hearing loss and ear diseases is key to effective management.
This requires systematic screening for detection of hearing loss and related ear
diseases in those who are most at risk.

This includes:
 ___________ and _________
_________ and _________ children
 people exposed to _______ or __________ at work
 people receiving _________ medicines
_______ adults.

Answer 11

newborn babies and infants

pre-school and school-age

noise or chemicals

ototoxic; older

Question 12

Measures available for Screening Audiometry
1._______________ PTA
2. _____________ /___________ Analysis
3. ______________ OAE
4. Auditory _____________
5. Audiometry ABR

Answer 12

Pure Tone Audiometry

Tymanometry; Middle Ear

Otoacoustic Emmission

Brain Stem Response

Question 13

Measures available to rehabilitate people with hearing loss include:

 the use of hearing technologies, such as ________, _________ and ________;
 the use of ___________ and other means of sensory substitution, such as
_____________ , use of print on palm, ________ communication; and
 rehabilitative therapy to enhance perceptive skills and develop communication and linguistic abilities.

Answer 13

hearing aids, cochlear implants and
middle ear implants

sign language; speech reading; signed