Causes Flashcards
Middle Ages:
description of 1300
- population of 4.75 million
- 25% of families had enough land to provide for themselves
Middle Ages:
reality - poverty and famine
- couldn’t afford meat and veg in diet
- 1315-1317 torrential rain, 10-15% of population died
Middle Ages:
reality - warfare
- armies travelled through villages without paying for food etc
- diseases easily spread in camps
Middle Ages:
reality - homes and towns
- crowded
- people didn’t want to spend money on improving conditions
- straw floors, good for rats and fleas
Middle Ages:
reality - water
- cesspits often near wells
- cesspits weren’t emptied often as you had to pay
- waste including animal remnants from butchers thrown into rivers
Middle Ages:
reality - animals
- common in streets
- creating tons of dung every week
Middle Ages:
believed - religion and supernatural
- punishment for sins
- magic and evil spirits or demons
Middle Ages:
believed - four humours and bad smells
- imbalance of four humours
- used charts to figure this out
- miasma
Middle Ages:
believed - everyday life
- many children died before age of 7
- childbirth, famine and warfare were frequent threats
Middle Ages:
reality - Black Death
- bubonic plague
- ship docked from China
- killed 1/3 of population in UK
- fleas on rats
Middle Ages:
believed - Black Death
- miasma
- imbalance of four humours
- God was angry people didn’t go to church more often
- Jews poisoned wells and springs
Early Modern:
reality - water
- little regulations
- started to build sewers but most towns didn’t want to pay
Early Modern:
reality - homes
- close together, wood, thatch, fires spread easily
- smoky, dark unhealthy
Early Modern:
reality - Great Plague 1665
- 1665, killed 25% of London’s population
- wealthy tried to flee but spread disease futher
Early Modern:
believed - Great Plague 1665
- bad smells
- punishment from God
- thought you could catch it from others but didn’t know why
Modern 19th Century:
reality of industrialisation - new towns
- Bethnal Green 1842, labourers lived to 16
- Manchester 1842, 57% children died before age of 5
- whole families lived in one room
Modern 19th Century:
reality of industrialisation - diseases
- contagious such as typhoid, typhus, measles etc
- rickets, lack of sunlight and fresh air
- coal miners developed pneumoconiosis, lung disease
- women in match making factories got ‘phossy jaw’
Modern 19th Century:
cholera
- biggest outbreak 1848, killed 60000
- consuming contaminated water and food
- bad smells
- God
Modern 19th Century:
typhoid
- poor sanitation
- Prince Albert died 1861 from drains in Windsor Castle
- 1897-98 Maidstone Kent outbreak, killed 132
Modern 20th and 21st Century:
Spanish Lady
- 1918 flu pandemic, killing 20-40 million
- most deadly to 20-40 year olds
- armies moving about spread it quickly
- 280000 died in UK
Modern 20th and 21st Century:
AIDS
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 1981 in USA
- by 2014, 40 million dead
- unprotected sex, sharing needles
Modern 20th and 21st Century:
reaction to AIDS
- some still think it’s punishment for sinful lifestyles
- W.H.O spent millions on awareness campaigns
- easily avoidable if precautions are taken
