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KC Jr HB Questions > Category D: Anatomy continued > Flashcards

Category D: Anatomy continued Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the hoof and all of its contents?

A

The foot

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2
Q

Describe the jaw movement of a horse that is chewing.

A

Jaws go up and down, and side to side

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3
Q

Most of the weight of the horse is supported on what portion of the hoof?

A

The hoof wall.

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4
Q

In what age group is hoof growth the greatest?

A

Foals.

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5
Q

Name the 2 types of vision possessed by the horse?

A

Monocular & binocular

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6
Q

When do teeth stop growing?

A

In the early 20’s

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7
Q

Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body?

A

Left atrium and left ventricle

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8
Q

Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

A

The right atrium and the right ventricle

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9
Q

Which body system functions to exchange oxygen & carbon dioxide between the animals and the environment?

A

The respiratory system

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10
Q

What is the sight of the majority of nutrient absorption

?

A

Small intestines

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11
Q

In a 24 hour period an adult horse will produce how many pounds of feces?

A

28-50 lbs.

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12
Q

What is the main function of platelets in blood?

A

Help with blood clotting process

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13
Q

The product of tidal volume & respiratory frequency is called what?

A

Minute volume

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14
Q

What are the 3 main components of the cardiovascular system?

A

Blood, blood vessels, heart

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15
Q

The heart can be divided into the inot right & left halves, each consisting of 2 chambers called what?

A

Atrium and ventricle

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16
Q

Name the accessory organs that help aid in digestion.

A

Teeth, salivary glands, liver, & pancreas

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17
Q

What part of the respiratory system is the functional units of the lungs where gas exchange actually occurs?

A

Alveoli

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18
Q

The amount of air inspired or expired during normal breathing is called what?

A

Tidal volume

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19
Q

The number of breaths taken per minute is usually called the respiratory rate or what else?

A

Respiratory frequency

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20
Q

Horses use monocular and binocular vision, which one is generally better developed?

A

Monocular

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21
Q

Approximately how many quarts of urine does a horse produce per day?

A

4-7

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22
Q

What is the term for the total amount of air inspired or expired in a minute?

A

Minute volume

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23
Q

What is the main psychological function of white blood cells?

A

Help immune system by defending against foreign cells such as bacteria

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24
Q

What are the 3 main types of muscle fibers?

A

Type 1, 2A, 2B

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25
Q

What triggers the horse to grow a winter coat?

A

Shorter days

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26
Q

What is the main psychological function of red blood cells?

A

Transport oxygen in the blood to the cells

27
Q

What percent of the hoof wall is water?

A

25%

28
Q

What is the cellular elements of blood that are suspended in a liquid?

A

Plasma

29
Q

What is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells & platelets?

A

Blood

30
Q

What are the main vessels used to Cary blood from the heart?

A

Arteries

31
Q

The angle of the shoulder & the pastern & the elasticity of the suspensory & sesamoid ligament & movement of the hoof wall all help absorb what?

A

Concussion

32
Q

What is the main supply to the digestive tract?

A

Anterior mesenteric artery

33
Q

Which body system would contain these: leydig cells, serology cells & androgen binding protein?

A

Endocrine or reproductive systems

34
Q

What is the basic contractile unit of skeletal muscle?

A

Sarcomere

35
Q

About 65% of the digestive capacity is where?

A

Cecum and large colon( lower gut)

36
Q

What term describes the study of hormones & their effects?

A

Endocrinology

37
Q

What percent of the frog is water?

A

50%

38
Q

What is produced by the brains pineal gland in response to light?

A

Melatonin

39
Q

What is the minute volume in relation to the respiratory system?

A

Total amount of air expired in 1 minute

40
Q

What part of the hoof correspondent to the human cuticle?

A

Periople

41
Q

What percent of the sole of the hoof is water?

A

33%

42
Q

What is the capacity of the cecum?

A

8 gallons( or 28-32 quarts)

43
Q

What is the j-shaped sack that holds 2-4 gallons of digesta?

A

Stomach

44
Q

What scientific term describes the mechanically breaking down of feed into smaller particle So?

A

Mastication

45
Q

Which stomach enzyme helps digest fat?

A

Gastric lipase

46
Q

What is the term for the wavelike contractions in the digestive system?

A

Peristalsis

47
Q

Which teeth are used mainly for chewing and not for biting grasses?

A

Molars

48
Q

Which part of the digestive tract has the largest capacity?

A

Large colon

49
Q

What are the finger like projections that line the small intestine & improve absorption of nutrients?

A

Villi

50
Q

How much manure is produced each day by a 1000 lb. horse?

A

40-50 lbs.

51
Q

What premises with the stomach digesta & breaks down food prior to pepsin & gastric lipase begin their work?

A

Hydrochloric acid

52
Q

What part of the large intestine is a common site of impactions especially if the horse has not had enough to drink?

A

Pelvic flexure

53
Q

Which stomach enzyme helps to digest protein?

A

Pepsin

54
Q

What part of the digestive tract is a blind gut because digesta passes in and out practically the same opening?

A

Cecum

55
Q

What is the length of the esophagus?

A

4-5 feet

56
Q

Which salivary gland is under the tongue?

A

Sublingual

57
Q

What is the muscular passage, approximately 6 inches long where both food and air cross?

A

Pharynx

58
Q

Which teeth are mainly used for biting grasses instead of chewing?

A

Incisors

59
Q

I what part of the digestive tract is the most water absorbed, along with water soluble vitamins & minerals?

A

Cecum

60
Q

What is the primary function of the small colon?

A

Formation of fecal balls

61
Q

What is the approximate length of the digestive tract?

A

100 ft.

62
Q

Emptying the stomach is a continuous process during digestion, how long must food be withheld to completely empty the horses stomach?

A

24 hours

63
Q

Which part of the large intestine is comma shaped, approximately 4 feet in length & has a capacity of about 8 gallons?

A

Cecum

KC Jr HB Questions (11 decks)

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