Categories and requirements Flashcards
POM-V?
Prescription Only Medication
prescribed by a VS only
- but VNs and owners can administer
Pet needs to be checked
Very common in practice
- antibiotics
- anti-inflammatories
- steroids
POM-VPS?
Prescription Only Medication
can be prescribed by a VS, Pharmacist or Suitably Qualified Person
don’t need to see animal
mainly includes large animal (and equine) wormers
NFA-VPS?
Non-Food Animal
don’t need a prescription - but still need discussion
can be supplied by a VS, Pharmacist or a Suitably Qualified Person
mainly wormers/parasite treatments for cats and dogs
AVM-GSL?
Authorised Veterinary Medicine
General Sales List
- can be supplied by any retailer
- so can pick up and buy - but may still require a discussion
have low therapeutic value with small amount of activating products
- eg medicated shampoos
controlled drugs?
a drug with active ingredients and potential to be misued and abused
named in misuse of drugs regulations
all category POM-V
- but broken down into different schedules
schedule I?
little or no therapeutic value
high potential to abuse/misuse
only used for research purposes in practice
- if have research license
eg illegal/recreational drugs
schedule II?
most common in practice
high therapeutic value
high potential for misuse/abuse as highly addictive
use is strictly controlled
eg. methadone hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride
schedule III?
high therapeutic value
high potential for abuse/misuse
not additive
eg buprenorphine hydrochloride
schedule IV?
some therapeutic value
some potential for abuse/misuse
eg chorionic gonadotropin
schedule V?
some therapeutic value
some potential for abuse/misuse
eg codeine phosphate
easy to get from pharmacies so less controlled
Schedule II control measures?
kept in lockable cupboard prescription validity 28 days CD register required witness destruction needed invoice should be kept for 2 years
schedule III control measures?
kept in a lockable cupboard - with some exceptions prescription validity 28 days no CD register required no witness protection required invoice should be kept for 2 years
schedule IV control measures?
don't need to be in lockable cupboard prescription validity 28 days no CD register required no witness destruction required invoice should be kept for 2 years +
schedule V control measures?
do not need to be kept in lockable cupboard prescription validity 6 months no CD registration required no witness destruction required invoice should be kept for 2 years
types of pharmaceutical waste disposal?
sharps bin
- yellow
- used needles
- syringes with fixed needles
- broken single use vials/ampules
cytotoxic
- purple
- cytotoxic or cytostatic medications
- including syringes, needles, bottles/vials and other consumables (eg PPE)
pharmaceutical waste bin
- multiuse medication bottles
- used syringes
disposal of controlled drugs?
needles, syringes and empty vials can be disposed of in same way as other pharmaceuticals
out-of-date or unused controlled drugs need to be denatured
- identify drugs to be disposed
- empty into a denaturing kit
- placed denaturing kit into the pharmaceutical waste bin
- record disposal
- have witness sign CD register to authenticate disposal
witness must be:
- Police Office (CD Liaison Officer)
- inspector appointed under the VMR
- VS from another surgeon - must state they are independent and provide their RCVS number
wait until you have enough CDs to fill the kit
- store safely/correctly in mean time
waste vs stock?
waste
- witnessed denaturing isn’t required
- a small amount of medication left in a single use vial
- dose of medication is drawn but not administered
- an unusable amount of medication left over in a multiuse vial
already accounted for and need to keep on track of correct stock levels
stock
- witnessed denaturing is required
- any out of date controlled drugs
- any multiuse vial that is beyond 28 day validity (not just CDs)
temperature controlled storage? why?
all medication should be stored in accordance to their Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC)
pharmacy temperature should be between 8°C - 25°C
pharmacy fridge should be between 2°C - 8°C
environmental temperatures should be monitored and recorded daily
extreme temperatures can cause denaturing
pharmacies must store VMPs in most effective way
and always comply with the VMR
stock rotation considerations?
Shortest end by date at front and longest at back
Done every time a new order is in
Everyone is responsible for stock rotation
- but may have allocated staff
Can have ethical and economic impacts if not done correctly
- large amounts of waste can damage environment
- increases costs - less for staff and other things
- decreases revenue
- may cause shortage of in-date drugs causing a welfare issue
stock levels?
a minimum stock level should be set and maintained
ordering systems in practices can be either: automated - quick - stops human error manual - spot anomalies/incorrect data - human errors
record keeping?
practices and wholesalers are required to keep records (invoices) for all drug transactions
wholesalers - 3 years
practices - 5 years
for VMD audit purposes
so need to be ready and available for the VMD to inspect
record keeping of controlled drugs?
a register of use must be kept for all schedule II drugs
- in a bound book
- or specific computerised system
- kept for 2 years after the date of the last entry
every entry should include
- date
- name of patient
- batch number
- amount dispensed
- amount remaining
- signature of VS (VNs can sign on behalf)
