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Ophthalmology > Cataracts > Flashcards

Cataracts Flashcards

1
Q

What are cataracts?

A

Opacity of the crystalline lens.

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2
Q

What are the 3 locations of cataracts?

A

Nuclear,
Subcapsular,
Cortical

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3
Q

What are the names of the cataracts associated with 2 diseases?

A

Sunflower cataract- Wilson’s disease

Snowflake cataract- Diabetes

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4
Q

Causes of cataracts? (12)

A

Congenital:

  • TORCHES infections
  • Trisomies
  • Galactosaemia
  • Lowe’s syndrome

ACQUIRED (VITAMIN D):

  • Vascular complications (eg hypertension)
  • Infection (eg onchocerciasis- river blindness)
  • Trauma
  • Autoimmune (eg hypoparathyroidism) Age
  • Metabolic (ef DM, Wilson’s disease)
  • Irradiation
  • Never forget drugs (eg corticosteroids)
  • Dermatology (eg eczema)
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5
Q

Symptoms of cataracts? (6)

A 
Leukocoria, 
Decreased visual acuity, 
Diploplia, 
Glare, 
Myopic shift, 
Nystagmus
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6
Q

Investigations for cataracts (2)

A

Ophthalmic examination,

Blood tests

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7
Q

Treatment of cataracts?

A

Phacoemulsification

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Ophthalmology (8 decks)

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