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Spain > Castilla-La Mancha / Levante > Flashcards

Castilla-La Mancha / Levante Flashcards

1
Q

Castilla-La Mancha

A
  • Castilla-La Mancha
  • Large region, SE of Spanish capital Madrid
  • Capital city is Toledo; Most populous city is Albacete
  • Despite very harsh climate, Castilla-La Mancha produces half of all the wine made in Spain. But, significant proportion goes into the inexpensive mass-produced sector and distillation into brandy.
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2
Q

Castilla-La Mancha

Climate

A
  • btwn 500 - 700 m; Spain at her most extreme
  • Winters are long and cold, summer the heat is grueling, little if any rain falls between May and September
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3
Q

Castilla-La Mancha

Varieties

A

Airen

  • Airen is the most planted, but many producers have broadened their portfolios by planting Tempranillo, Cab Sauv, Garnacha, Alicante Bouschet (Garnacha Tintorera), Monastrell, Syrah, Bobal
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4
Q

Castilla-La Mancha

DO zones

A

8 DOs

  • La Mancha DO, *Europe’s largest officially delimited wine zone
  • Almansa DO
  • Manchuela DO
  • Mentrida DO
  • Mondejar DO
  • Ribera del Jucar DO
  • Ucles DO
  • Valdepenas DO
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5
Q

La Mancha DO

A

La Mancha

  • Largest delimited wine region not only in Spain, but in the whole of Europe
  • More than 500,000 acres (202,350ha) of vineyards
  • Finest vineyards are those with high limestone and chalk content in the sub-soil; these semi-porous stones retain precious moisture and help to even out the vines’ water supply
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6
Q

La Mancha DO

White varieties

A
  • Airen: local favorite, accounting for the bulk of production, ideal for distillation into brandy
  • Most popular: Chardonnay, Viognier, Macabeo, Torrontes, Verdejo
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7
Q

La Mancha DO

Red varieties

A
  • Tempranillo (Cencibel): by far the most popular red-wine variety, often accompanied by Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
  • Spanish: Graciano, Bobal, Monastrell
  • International: Grenache, Syrah, Petit Verdot
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8
Q

Almansa DO

A
  • Monastrell (Mourvedre): dominant grape variety, regional specialty
  • Garnacha Tintorera (Alicante Bouschet): also widely grown, deep-colored, dark-fruit
  • Others: Cencibel (Tempranillo), Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah
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9
Q

Almansa DO white varieties?

A

Authorized:

  • Chardonnay
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Verdejo
  • Moscatel de Grano Menudo (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains)
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10
Q

Manchuela DO

A
  • Red wines dominate
  • Native Bobal grape variety goes into unoaked reds and rosés
  • Cencibel (Tempranillo) produces some of the best barrel-matured wines
  • Monastrell, Garnacha, Cabernet Sauvignon are used in blends
  • Syrah has done extremely well here in recent years; future for varietal wines based on Syrah looks promising
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11
Q

Manchuela DO

Styles

A
  • Blanco
  • Blanco “Fermentado en Barrica”
  • Rosado: min. 85% red varieties
  • Tinto
  • Tinto “Fermentado en Barrica”
  • Vino Espumoso
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12
Q

Garnacha Tintorera aka

A

Alicante Bouschet

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13
Q

Valencia is ? .
A) a DO
B) an Autonomía
C) the Capital City of said Autonomía
D) All of the above

A

D) All of the Above

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14
Q

The autonomía of Valencia encompasses what DOs?

A
  • Valencia DO
  • Alicante DO
  • Utiel-Requena DO
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15
Q

What is the major product of Valencia DO?

A
  • White wines from Merseguera and other indigenous grapes:
    • Macabeo, Malvasia, Moscatel de Alejandria, PX, Planta Fina de Pedralba, Chardonnay
  • Recommended Red: Garnacha, Tempranillo, Monastrell, Tintorera, Cab Sauv, Merlot
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16
Q

Valencia DO

Main white grape

A

Meresguera, fairly neutral

Valencia

  • steeped in Catalan and Moorish tradition
  • Spain’s 3rd largest city
  • better known for oranges and paella (birthplace)
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17
Q

Fondillón

A
  • Oxidative, unfortified dessert wine
  • Overripe Monastrell
  • Aged in solera for 10 years
  • Speciality of Alicante
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18
Q

Alicante

  • Grapes
  • Styles
A

Alicante

  • Blanco: Merseguera, Airen, Macabeo, Moscatel de Alejandria
  • Tinto: Garnacha Tinta, Garnacha Tintorera, Tempranillo, Monastrell
  • Blanco, Rosado, Tinto, Doble Pasta, Rancio, Noble, Fondillón, Moscatel de Alicante (VDL/VD)
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19
Q

Alicante Noble

A
  • Exclusively Recommended Varieties
  • Aged 30 mos in Wood
  • May Not be Fortified
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20
Q

Utiel-Requena DO

Doble Pasta

A

Traditional style of wine made from the Bobal grape

  • Macerated and fermented with double the normal amount of skins and pulp
  • Intensely tannic, concentrated, and darkly colored
  • Also authorized in Alicante
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21
Q

Utiel-Requena

  • Authorized Grapes?
  • Styles?
A
  • W: Planta Nova, Macabeo, Merseguera, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
    • White grapes may account for a max 15% of vineyard acreage
  • R: Bobal, Tempranillo, Garnacha, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Syrah
  • Blanco, Rosado, Tinto, Superior, Espumoso/Aromaticos, Aguja, VDL, Vendemia Inicial
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22
Q

vendemia inicial

A

Nouveau

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23
Q

Utiel-Requena Superior

Styles and Varietals

A

Utiel-Requena Superior

  • blanco/rosado/tinto: min 85% preferred varieties
  • Blanco: Macabeo, Merseguera, Planta Nova (Tardana), Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Parrellada, Verdejo, Moscatel de grano menudo
  • Tinto: Bobal (rosado), Tempranillo, Garnacha Tinta, Garnacha Tintorera, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah, Pinot Noir, Petit Verdot, Cabernet Franc
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24
Q

Murcia

3 DOs

A
  • Yecla DO
  • Jumilla DO
  • Bullas DO
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25
Jumilla Major Grape Authorized Styles
* **Monastrell** * **​****Varietal Tinto and Rosado at 85%** * **VDL at 100%** * **Also authorized: Garnacha Tintorera, Cincibel, Cab Sauv, PV, Syrah, Merlot, Garnacha** * **Blanco: Airen, Macabeo, Malvasia, PX, Chard, SB, Moscatel de Grano Menudo**
26
Bullas Major Grape Authorized Styles
* **Monstrell** * **​60% for Rosado and Tinto** * **100% for VDL** * **65% for Rosado/Tinto Espumoso (9mos on the lees)** * **Airen is recommended for Blanco** * **All other authorized grapes are in line with Jumilla**
27
Yecla Recommended Grape Authorized styles
* **Monastrell** * **Other authorized red grapes match Jumilla** * **Blanco: Macabeo, Airen, Merseguera, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Chard, SB** * **Blanco/Rosado/Tinto/Espumoso/VDL**
28
What is unusual about Yecla's max planting density and yield?
* **Separated into Dry-Farmed and Irrigated** * **1100 vines/ha (dry-farmed) v. 1600 vines/ha (irrigated)** * **4500 kg/ha v. 9000 kgha for white** * **4000 kg/ha v. 7000 kg/ha for red (all 70L/100 kg)**
29
Where is the Levant, and what autonomías make it up?
* **Eastern coast of Spain** * From Valencia until it turns west at Andalucia * **Valencia, Murcia** * 2 autonomías
30
Levant DOs
* **Valencia DO** * **Utiel-Requena DO** * **Alicante DO** * **Yecla DO** * **Jumilla DO** * **Bullas DO**
31
La Mancha ## Footnote RS levels for Seco, Semiseco, Semidulce, Dulce
La Manch​a * **Seco: max 4 g/L** * **Semiseco: 4-12g/L** * **Semidulce: 12-45g/L** * **Dulce: 45+ g/L** * **VDN is also min 45g/L**
32
Largest single demarcated wine region in Europe
La Mancha DO
33
La Mancha Grapes
* **Cencibel (Tempranillo)** * **Airén** * **Chard, Gewurztraminer, Macabeo, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Parellada, PX, Riesling, SB, Torrontes, Verdejo, Viognier** * **Bobal, Cab Franc, Cab Sauv, Garnacha Tinta, Graciano, Malbec, Merlot, Mencia, Monastrell, Moravia Dulce, PV, PN, Syrah** * **In other words: EVERYTHING**
34
Most planted white grape in the world, by acreage as of 2004
**Airén** * ONLY planted in southern Spain!
35
Where is Mentrida DO?: what are its major grapes?
* **Directly SW of Madrid** * **Blanco: Albillo, Macabeo, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Verdejo** * **Tinto: Garnacha, Tempranillo, Cab Sauv, PV, Syrah, Merlot**
36
2 DOs formerly administered by La Mancha DO
* **Méntrida DO** * **Almansa DO**
37
Almansa DO Major Grape
* **Monastrell** * sits just north of Jumilla; demonstrates much Levantine influence * Also authorized: * Blanco: Chardonnay, SB, Verdujo, Moscatel de Grano Menudo * Tinto: Garnacha Tintorera, Tempranillo, Cab Sauv, Syrah, Merlot, PV, Garnacha
38
What Castilla-La Mancha DO is a former subzone of La Mancha DO?
**Ribera del Júcar DO** * est 2003
39
Manchuela Major Grape
* **Bobal** * ​​bridges the gap to between La Mancha and Utiel-Requena * Also authorized: * Blanco: Albillo, Chard, Macabeo, SB, Verdejo Pardillo, Viognier, Moscatel de Grano Menudo * Tinto: Cab Sauv, Cencibel, Garnacha, Merlot, Monastrell, Moravia Duce, Moravia Agria, Syrah, Garnacha Tintorera, Malbec, Mazuelo, Graciano, Rojal, PV, Cab Franc, PN
40
Valdepeñas is surrounded by La Mancha, with a similar climate and varietal makeup, but received recognition in 1932, forty-plus years before. What makes it a more desirable winegrowing region?
**Chalk bedrock** * **Better water retention**
41
Valdepeñas 2 subzones
* **Los Llanos** (West) * **Las Aberturas** (North)
42
What styles are authorized for *Reserva* and *Gran Reserva* in Valdepenas?
**Tinto only**
43
Uclés DO Styles Major focus
Uclés * **Red, White, Sparkling, Sweet** * **Major Focus is Reds from Cencibel, Garnacha, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Syrah**
44
What styles are produced in Mondéjar DO?; from what grapes?
Mondéjar * **Red, White, Rosado** * **Cencibel, Cab Sauv** * **Macabéo, Malvar**
45
Vinos de Madrid DO covers what 3 areas?; what varieties are recommended for each?
* **San Martín de Valdeiglesias** * **Albillo, Garnacha Tinta** * **Navalcarnero** * **Malvar, Garnacha Tinta** * **Arganda** * **Malvar, Tinto Fino**
46
Vinos de Madrid DO Grapes Major market
* **Tinto Fino, Negra de Madrid** (Garnacha) * **Airén, Malvar** * **Most of the wine is consumed in Madrid**
47
*sobremadre*
* **Traditional wines produced by long maceration on the skins** (up to 180 days for both blanco and tinto) * **Authorized in Vinos de Madrid**
48
Castilla-La Mancha 8 DOs
* **La Mancha** * **Valdepeñas** * **Mentrida** * **Almansa** * **Manchuela** * **Ribera del Júcar** * **Mondéjar** * **Vinos de Madrid** * **Uclés**
49
Valencia 4 Subzones and their styles
* **Alto Turia** * **​**White only * **Clariano** * R / W / Rosé * **Valentino** * R / W / Rosé / VdL * **Moscatel de Valencia** * Dulce / VdL
50
What is unique about Uclés DO?
* **The law sets Max Yield based on Vine Age** * **Vines may not produce DO wine before 6 years of age**
51
What DO's of southwestern Spain authorize semisweet and sweet reds?
* **La Mancha** * **Ribera del Júcar** * **Valdepeñas** * **Almansa**
52
Manchuela DO Main white grape
**Macabeo**
53
What is Garnacha Tintorera?
Alicante Bouschet
54
Valencia is: A) A DO B) An Autonomía C) the Capital City of said Autonomía D) All of the Above ```
D) All of the above
55
The autonomía of Valencia encompasses what DOs?
Valencia DO Alicante DO Utiel-Requena DO
56
What is the major product of Valencia DO?
White wines from Merseguera and other indigenous grapes: Macabeo, Malvasia, Moscatel de Alejandria, PX, Planta Fina de Pedralba, Chardonnay Recommended red grapes: Garnacha, Tempranillo, Monastrell, Tintorera, Cab Sauv, Merlot
57
What is Fondillón and where might you find it?
An oxidative, unfortified dessert wine of overripe Monastrell, aged in solera for 10 years. A speciality of Alicante.
58
Recommended grapes of **Alicante DO**? Authorized Styles?
Blanco: Merseguera, Airen, Macabeo, Moscatel de Alejandria Tinto: Garnacha Tinta, Garnacha Tintorera, Tempranillo, Monastrell Blanco, Rosado, Tinto, Doble Pasta, Rancio, Noble, Fondillón, Moscatel de Alicante (VDL/VD)
59
What does Noble indicated in Alicante?
Exclusively recommended varieties, aged 30mos in wood. May not be fortified.
60
What is the traditional style of **Utiel-Requena DO**?
**Doble Pasta wines of Bobal**; macerated and fermented with double the normal amount of skins and pulp, intensely tannic, concentrated, and darkly colored. Also authorized in Alicante.
61
Authorized grapes and styles of **Utiel-Requena DO**?
Planta Nova, Macabeo, Merseguera, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc. White grapes may account for a max 15% of vineyard acreage. Bobal, Tempranillo, Garnacha, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Syrah Blanco, Rosado, Tinto, Superior, Espumoso/Aromaticos, Aguja, VDL, Vendemia Inicial
62
What is **vendemia inicial**?
**Nouveau**
63
What does **Superior indicate in Utiel-Requena**?
Blanco: Macabeo or Chardonnay Rosado: Bobal Tinto: Tempranillo and/or Garnacha
64
What are the **three DOs of Murcia**?
Yecla DO Jumilla DO Bullas DO
65
What is the major grape of **Jumilla DO**? What other styles are authorized?
**Monastrell: Varietal Tinto and Rosado at 85%, VDL at 100%** Also authorized: Garnacha Tintorera, Cincibel, Cab Sauv, PV, Syrah, Merlot, Garnacha Blanco: Airen, Macabeo, Malvasia, PX, Chard, SB, Moscatel de Grano Menudo
66
What is the major grape of **Bullas DO**, and what other styles are authorized?
Monstrell: 60% for Rosado and Tinto, 100% for VDL, 65% for Rosado/Tinto Espumoso (9mos on the lees) Airen is recommended for Blanco. All other authorized grapes are in line with Jumilla.
67
What is the recommended grape of **Yecla DO**, and what other styles are authorized?
**Monastrell**. Other authorized red grapes match Jumilla Blanco: Macabeo, Airen, Merseguera, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Chard, SB Blanco/Rosado/Tinto/Espumoso/VDL
68
Where is the Levant, and what autonomías make it up?
The eastern coast of Spain, from Valencia until it turns west at Andalucia. Valencia and Murcia are the two autonomías.
69
What are the DOs of the Levant?
Valencia DO Utiel-Requena DO Alicante DO Yecla DO Jumilla DO Bullas DO
70
RS levels for Seco, Semiseco, Semidulce, Dulce in **La Mancha**:
Seco: max 4 g/L Semiseco: 4-12g/L Semidulce: 12-45g/L Dulce: 45+ g/L VDN is also min 45g/L
71
What is the largest single demarcated wine region in Europe?
La Mancha DO
72
What are the grapes of La Mancha?
Cencibel (Tempranillo) Airén Chard, Gewurztraminer, Macabeo, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Parellada, PX, Riesling, SB, Torrontes, Verdejo, Viognier Bobal, Cab Franc, Cab Sauv, Garnacha Tinta, Graciano, Malbec, Merlot, Mencia, Monastrell, Moravia Dulce, PV, PN, Syrah In other words: EVERYTHING
73
What is **tempranillo** called in **La Mancha**?
**Cencibel**
74
What is the most planted white grape in the world, by acreage as of 2004?
Airén (ONLY planted in southern Spain!)
75
Where is **Mentrida DO**? What are its major grapes?
Directly southwest of Madrid **Blanco: Albillo**, Macabeo, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Verdejo Tinto: Garnacha, Tempranillo, Cab Sauv, PV, Syrah, Merlot
76
What two DOs were formerly administered by La Mancha DO?
Méntrida DO Almansa DO
77
What is the major grape of **Almansa DO**?
**Monastrell** (sits just north of Jumilla; demonstrates much Levantine influence). Also authorized: Blanco: Chardonnay, SB, Verdujo, Moscatel de Grano Menudo Tinto: Garnacha Tintorera, Tempranillo, Cab Sauv, Syrah, Merlot, PV, Garnacha
78
What Castilla-La Mancha DO is a former subzone of La Mancha DO?
Ribera del Júcar DO (est 2003)
79
What is the major grape of **Manchuela**?
**Bobal** (bridges the gap to between La Mancha and Utiel-Requena). Also authorized: Blanco: Albillo, Chard, Macabeo, SB, Verdejo Pardillo, Viognier, Moscatel de Grano Menudo Tinto: Cab Sauv, Cencibel, Garnacha, Merlot, Monastrell, Moravia Duce, Moravia Agria, Syrah, Garnacha Tintorera, Malbec, Mazuelo, Graciano, Rojal, PV, Cab Franc, PN
80
**Valdepeñas** is surrounded by La Mancha, with a similar climate and varietal makeup, but received recognition in 1932, forty-plus years before. What makes it a more desirable winegrowing region?
Chalk bedrock (better water retention)
81
What are the **two subzones of Valdepeñas**?
Los Llanos (West) Las Aberturas (North)
82
What styles are authorized for Reserva and Gran Reserva in Valdepenas?
Tinto only
83
What styles of wine are produced in **Uclés DO**? What is the focus of the region?
Red, white, sparkling, sweet. The major focus is reds of Cencibel, Garnacha, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Syrah
84
What styles are produced in **Mondéjar DO**? From what grapes?
Red, white, rosado. Cencibel, Cab Sauv Macabéo, Malvar
85
**Vinos de Madrid DO** covers what three areas? What varieties are recommended for each?
San Martín de Valdeiglesias (Albillo, Garnacha Tinta) Navalcarnero (Malvar, Garnacha Tinta) Arganda (Malvar, Tinto Fino)
86
What are the grapes of **Vinos de Madrid DO**? What is the major market for the wines?
Tinto Fino, Negra de Madrid (Garnacha) Airén, Malvar Most of the wine is consumed in Madrid.
87
What is **sobremadre**?
Traditional wines produced by long maceration on the skins (up to 180 for both blanco and tinto). Authorized in Vinos de Madrid.
88
What are the **eight DOs of Castilla-La Mancha**?
La Mancha Valdepeñas Mentrida Almansa Manchuela Ribera del Júcar Mondéjar Vinos de Madrid Uclés
89
What are the **four subzones of Valencia**, and what styles do they produce?
Alto Turia (white only) Clariano (red/white/rose) Valentino (red/white/rose/VdL) Moscatel de Valencia (dulce/VdL)
90
What is unique about **Uclés DO**?
The law sets max yield based on vine age, and vines may not produce DO wine before 6 years of age.
91
What DO's of southwestern Spain authorize semisweet and sweet reds?
La Mancha Ribera del Júcar Valdepeñas Almansa
92
What is the preferred red grape of DO Yecla (Murcia)
Monastrell
93
Synonym for Monastrell?
Mouvedre
94
Fondillon was historically produced in which area
Alicante (Valencia)
95
The first Vinos de Pagos were located in which autonomous community
Castilla-La Mancha
96
Where do we find Fondillon?
Alicante (Valencia)
97
What were the first 2 Vino de Pagos in Spain?
Dominio de Valdepusa (2003) Finca Elez (allows Chardonnay) (2003) Castilla la Mancha Guijoso (2005)
98
Why were Vino de Pago established?
for Bordeaux varieties, modern styles
99
Before applying, a VDP must be in production for ___ years?
10 years
100
Smallest VDP?
Vallegarcia (1.5ha) Castella la Mancha
101
What is Vinos de la Tierra VDIT?
Areas of varying size PGI 85% of grapes from a given area
102
Vino de Mesa VDM is this:
Table Wine no region on label can list address of bottler
103
When was irrigation legalized in Spain?
1996
104
This wind blows from the west bringing cold wind from the Atlantic?
Poniente
105
This wind brings hot dry currents from the African dessert:
Leveche
106
This warm humid wind comes in from the east through the Strait of Gibraltar, felt through the south east of Spain?
Levant
107
Who brought Cab Sauv to Spain?
Marques de Riscal (Rioja) first harvest in 1860
108
What mountain range borders Meseta Central to the South?
Sierra Morena
109
Mountain range bordering south each of Spanish Peninsula?
Sistema Peninsula
110
Name of the mountain range that bisects the Meseta Central in two:
Sistema Central
111
Spain follows only this country for highest average elevation in Europe:
Switzerland
112
What does Vino de Pago Calificado mean?
This category exists to cover future VP's that may arise inside a DOCa zone
113
Vino de Pagos of Castilla la Mancha (11):
Dominio de Valdepusa Finca Elez Guijoso Dehesa de Carrizal Pago Florentino Campo de la Guacdia Casa del Blanco Pago Calyadilla Vallegarcia Los Cerricllos El Vicario
114
Principal grapes of La Mancha:
Cencibel (Tempranillo) Chardonnay Previously Airen
115
This grape previously claimed more acreage than any other grape in the world:
Airen - La Mancha
116
Where did Marques de Grinon plant Bordeaux varieties + drip irrigation, releasing modern wines as Vino de Mesa in La Mancha:
Mentrido DO (La Mancha) - became DO Pago Dominico de Valdepusa in 2003
117
These DO Pagos were established in 2019 in La Mancha:
DO Pagos Vallegarcia DO Pagos La Jaraba DO Pagos Los Cervillo
118
These Bordeaux super-consultant winemakers are at the healm of Dominio de Valdepusa (Castilla la Mancha):
Michel Rolland and his mentor, Emile Peynaud
119
Almansa DO reds (La Mancha) focus on what grape:
Garnacha Tintorera grape - a teinturier grape
120
Chief grape of Manchuela DO (Castilla La Mancha)
Bobal
121
Valdepenas DO (Castilla La Mancha) is known as:
the "Valley of Rocks" - chalk soil - Airen, most planted grape - followed by Cencibel
122
Subregions of Valdepenas known for quality grapes (Castilla la Mancha):
Los Llanos + northern sector of Las Aberturas
123
Ucles DO (Castilla la Mancha)
Cencibel, Garnacha, CS, Merlot, Syrah - vines must be in their 6th year before being harvested
124
Mondejar DO: Grapes in Production
All three colors from: Airen CS Macabeo Malvar (white)
125
Grapes of Vino de Madrid:
Airen Malvar (white) Tinto Fino Negra de Madrid (Grenache)
126
Synonym for Negra de Madrid:
Garnacha
127

Spain (11 decks)

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