Case study - Unit 4 Flashcards
International aid,US Aid profile, Nigeria
US AID Profile
• The websiteserves to showthe foreign aid provided by the USA todifferentnations.
• The aid is divided into two subsections: economic and military, however,the majority ofthe aid is economic.
• The website also shows thetotal aid obligations provided each fiscal year which allows for a comparison to be made over time.
• It shows theproportionalfunding from different agencies in the US.
• The core-periphery isa concept that can be applied as the US, a wealthy nation, distributes financial aid to the developing-countries.
How much aiddid the USA send to Niger in 2016:$150,662,822
Trends in Foreign Aid to Niger (1946-2020)
• The provision of aid to Niger has increased since 1946,which may be due toincreasing levels of globalization.
• U.S.Agency for International Developmentwas the main department responsible for the financial aid when it was first provided in 1961.
• The aid began in 1961, which is interesting as Niger gained its independence in 1960.
• Another significant change in aid was in 1974 where, predominantly, the US Department of Agriculture donated$90 million.Since 1975,Niger promoted Arbor Day where trees are planted across the nation to combat desertification.
• Aid may prevent the mal use of uranium in mines within Niger.
In 2016, the US sent $5,263,286,473to Afghanistan. The region that received the most aid was most definitely the Middle Eastern region.
International Aid, Switzerland
US Aid sent to Switzerland
• The Migrant Crisis impacted Switzerland severely.
• The US did not give bi-lateral aid directly to Switzerland, they used their UN donations as a platform to provide aid to Switzerland.
• Switzerland received 82,681 refugees in 2016 which placed a huge economic burden on the government.
International acquisitions, two contrasting case studies
International acquisitions - a situation in which a company buys and takes control of a company in another country
Coca Cola-
What does it sell?
Automobile manufacturing company
Revenue
8.65 billion
Strategies
Focuses on Choice, convenience and the customer.
Workers’ rights and conditions
Worker violations are very well known.
• They continue to deny workers the right to be part of a trade union.
• In the US they spent 330,000 dollars hiring a union-busting consultancy firm to persuade workers not to join UFCW(trade union).
-As many as 30000 children as young as 8 working in dangerous Coke factories
TATA-
What does it sell?
Beverages, fizzy drinks
Revenue
34.7 billon
Strategies
To be a low cost leader in automobile market, Thus by employing “low cost strategy” it has made its presence felt especially in untapped and developing markets(India)
Workers’ rights and conditions reats employees with many benefits. • Free transport (2.4K) • Job training • Good salaries • Soft skill training • Health insurance • Free food • Cafeteria available too • Education assistance • Child care • Team outings • International relocations • You can work from home Gymnasium
An Economic zone, Shenzhen
- It was established in May 1980.
- The zone encouraged in-migration of many workers. The population grew from 310,000 and less than 30,000 workers to 4.33 million and its labour force to 3.09 million in 2000.
- Less than 30% of the population are permanent residents.
- It allowed capitalist activity for the first time since the communist revolution.
- It was divided into four designated cities, making up the Special Economic Zone.
- Prior to the Special Economic Zone, the area of Shenzhen was predominantly agriculturally based.
- Hong Kong, a capitalist hub in Southeast Asia, became the outlet for the goods produced in Shenzhen.
- Shenzhen eventually became the main manufacturer of many types of electronic goods due to cheap production costs.
- It helped increase Shenzhen’s globalised connection as many foreign corporations outsourced their production to Shenzhen due to cheap labour.
Economic migration, Japan
Japan’s ‘No Immigration Principle’
The Japanese government implements policies based on elite prejudices and public perception. The Japanese people view themselves as ‘homogenous’ who constitute a racially unified nation.
Due to this, much of the public oppose immigration policies as they do not wish to increase racial diversity within Japan.
How does regulation view forced migrants vs. economic migrants?
Forced migrants are often received with hostility, making it difficult for them to be accepted into a country. It is the norm for asylum seekers or refugees to enter a country illegally, through what is called ‘irregular immigration’. The hostility often derives from the lack of skill and human capital associated with forced migrants, which reduces their contribution to the economy. Governments are frequently forced to provide financial support to asylum seekers that they have accepted, which puts a strain on its budget.
An economic migrant is not a legal classification; however, it applies to anyone who has migrated in hopes of achieving more economic prosperity. Thus, countries are not opposed to accepting these migrants as they often improve productivity and the general state of the economy. Regulation can be said to be in favour of economic migrants as expatriates are welcomed by many nations.
