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CR > Carriage Of Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide In The Blood > Flashcards

Carriage Of Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide In The Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 ways co2 is carried and what percentages

A

Dissolved 10%
Reacted with water -> hco 3 60%
Bound to haemoglobin 30%

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2
Q

Why is oxygen dangerous?

A

Oxidises things

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3
Q

How does the body protect against the oxidising effect of oxygen

A

Carried by hb

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4
Q

What are the 2 sorts of rbc anaemia?

A

Macrocytic or microcytic

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5
Q

What is how much hb in rbc called?

A

Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration mchc

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6
Q

How does vitamin c protect against oxidation?

A

Redonates electrons

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7
Q

What is haematocrit

A

Rbc vol : total blood vol

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8
Q

What is too high haematocrit called

A

Polycythaemia

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9
Q

How does glucose enter rbc

A

GLUT1 transporters

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10
Q

What is special about glut 1 transporters

A

Non insulin dependent

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11
Q

What’s the ultimate end of glutathione deficiency

A

Too much methaemoglobin when under oxidative stress

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12
Q

What is methaemoglobin

A

Iron ii is fully oxidised to iron iii

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13
Q

What can cause oxidative stress

A

Fava beans
Trimethoprim
Sepsis

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14
Q

Why did trimethoprim cause oxidative stress

A

Contains sulphur

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15
Q

What is trimethoprim

A

Antibiotic for UTI, occasionally chest infection

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of too much methaemoglobin

A

Jaundice
Dark urine

17
Q

What prevents fe2 being fully oxidised and what’s it called

A

Histidine protein under porphyrin ring

Steric hindrance

18
Q

What is the difference between hypoxia and hypoxaemia

A

Hypoxia - tissues
Hypoxaemia - blood

19
Q

What is the diagnosis when there is hypoxia without hypoxaemia and why?

A

Anaemia. All hb sites are occupied but not enough of them

20
Q

What pressure is respiratory failure

A

<8kpa

21
Q

What happens enzymatically in anaemia

A

2, 3 DPG lowers hb affinity for oxygen thus S curve shifts to the right and more oxygen is released

22
Q

What do the kidneys do when there is hypoxia

A

Release erythropoietin

23
Q

What stimulates more rbc to be made

A

Erythropoietin

24
Q

Where is the concentration of hco3 controlled

A

Kidneys

CR (12 decks)

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