Career Counseling Flashcards
At the conclusion of a year-long career counseling activity designed specifically for 34 “underemployed” persons, you are able to report to your supervisors that 22 of the participants changed to “training/education appropriate” jobs, 4 became unemployed, 5 remained in their same jobs, and 3 dropped out of the counseling program. This information is which of the following types of evaluation data?
A. process.
B. context.
C. product.
D. validity.
C. product.
The “compensatory” theory of leisure suggests that a certified public accountant would enjoy ________ whereas the “spillover” theory of leisure suggests that the accountant would enjoy as a leisure activity.
A. racquet ball - chess.
B. backgammon - computerized games.
C. golf - tennis.
D. reading mysteries - bowling.
A. racquet ball - chess.
A counselor who works with adolescents is familiar with the knowledge that they tend to over-select professional positions and occupations when asked about “what they are planning to do for a living when they grow up.” In terms of Gelatt’s decision- making paradigm, adolescents tend to have errors in their systems.
A. value.
B. prediction.
C. generalization.
D. decision.
B. prediction.
A counselor who is following Super’s theory of career development would not be surprised to learn that a person whom the counselor believed to be in the Establishment stage had
A. quit work altogether.
B. changed careers.
C. sought preretirement counseling.
D. been promoted to a management position.
D. been promoted to a management position.
One of the primary differences in clients= uses of career counseling resources in print media format (eg. Dictionary of Occupational Titles or Occupational Outlook Handbook) and those in computerized format (eg. Choices, Discover II, SIGI, or ECES) is the
A. number of jobs/occupations for which information is available.
B. speed with which information can be retrieved for use.
C. lack of need for counselors when the computerized format is used.
D. lack of need for the computerized format when the print media format is used.
B. speed with which information can be retrieved for use.
The concept of “career maturity” has been described and researched most extensively by
A. Crites.
B. Hoyt.
C. Tiedeman.
D. Ginzberg.
B. Hoyt.
The Dictionary of Occupational Titles
A. would not be useful in face-to-face counseling with an individual.
B. is more useful than the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
C. could be useful in helping a counselee expand occupational options.
D. would be useful at the conclusion of the counseling process.
C. could be useful in helping a counselee expand occupational options.
Career counseling should include
A. exploration of values and attitudes.
B. information and factual data about counselees= resources.
C. recognition of counselees= needs, conflicts, and relationships.
D. all of the above.
D. all of the above.
Counselors following particular theoretical career development orientations typically refer to them by the names of persons primarily responsible for their development. For example, counselors following Roe=s theory of career development know that it is characterized by
A. an emphasis on early childhood experiences.
B. consideration of individual needs and wishes.
C. clarification of individual skills and abilities.
D. all of the above.
D. all of the above.
You are conducting career counseling with a 19-year-old female who had a B average in high school, reports having studied “only moderately,” and currently works in a machine shop. Both she and her supervisor report that she is very adept at the work. She also is a student at the local college and is making mostly C and D grades, but reports that she becomes morose and sullen if she studies for long periods of time. She also reports that her parents want her to enter a “profession,” but are vague as to which one. Which of Ginzberg’s stages of career development would be applicable to this person at the time?
A. exploration.
B. confirmation.
C. crystallization.
D. specification.
A. exploration.
Most research in the area of career development and its relationship to students indicates that
a. a very high proportion of students in high school and at the junior high or middle-school level wanted guidance in planning a career. Career interests are more stable after college.
b. students did not want career guidance despite its impor- tance.
c. many students were too inflexible to benefit from career guidance.
d. high school students wanted career guidance but junior high school or middle-school-level students did not.
a. a very high proportion of students in high school and at the junior high or middle-school level wanted guidance in planning a career. Career interests are more stable after college.
A dual-career family (or dual-worker couple) is one in which both partners have jobs to which they are committed on a some- what continuous basis. Which statement is true of dual-career families?
a. Surprisingly enough, dual-career families have lower in- comes than families in which only one partner works.
b. Dual-career families have higher incomes than the so called traditional family in which only one partner is
working.
c. Dual-career families have incomes which are almost identical to families with one partner working.
d. Surprisingly enough, no research has been conducted on dual-career families.
b. Dual-career families have higher incomes than the so called traditional family in which only one partner is
working.
In the dual-career family, partners seem to be more self-suffi- cient than in the traditional family. In a dual-career household, the woman
a. generally has children before entering the work force.
b. rarely if ever has children.
c. is not self-reliant.
d. is typically secure in her career before she has children.
d. is typically secure in her career before she has children.
Studies indicate that
a. students receive ample vocational guidance.
b. most parents can provide appropriate vocational guidance.
c. students want more vocational guidance than they receive.
d. career days meet the vocational guidance needs of most students.
c. students want more vocational guidance than they receive.
Statistics reveal that
a. on average, a worker with a bachelor’s degree earns over $10,000 a year more than a worker with a high school diploma.
b. fewer workers possess a high-school degree than ever before.
c. blue-collar jobs are growing faster than white-collar jobs.
d. older workers are slower than younger workers and have less skill.
a. on average, a worker with a bachelor’s degree earns over $10,000 a year more than a worker with a high school diploma.
n terms of leisure time and dual-career families
a. dual-career families have more leisure time.
b. dual-career families have the same amount of leisure time as families with one wage earner.
c. dual-career families have less leisure time.
d. dual-career families have more weekend leisure time.
c. dual-career families have less leisure time.
A client who says, “I feel I cannot really become an administrator in our agency because I am a woman,” is showing an example of
a. gender bias.
b. counselor bias.
c. the trait-and-factor theory.
d. developmental theory and career choice.
a. gender bias.
The trait-and-factor career counseling, actuarial, or matching approach (which matches clients with a job) is associated with
a. Parsons and Williamson.
b. Roe and Brill.
c. Holland and Super.
d. Tiedeman and O’Hara.
a. Parsons and Williamson.
Which statement is not true of the trait-and-factor approach to career counseling?
a. The approach attempts to match the person’s traits with the requirements of a job.
b. The approach usually relies on psychometric information.
c. The approach is developmental and thus focuses on career maturity.
d. The approach is associated with the work of Parsons and Williamson.
c. The approach is developmental and thus focuses on career maturity.
The trait-and-factor approach fails to take _______ into ac- count.
a. individual change throughout the life span.
b. relevant psychometric data.
c. personality.
d. job requirements.
a. individual change throughout the life span.
Roe was the first career specialist to utilize a two-dimensional system of occupational classification utilizing
a. unconscious and preconscious.
b. fields and levels.
c. yin and yang.
d. transactional analysis nomenclature.
b. fields and levels.
All of the following are examples of Anne Roe’s “levels” except
a. outdoor.
b. semi skilled.
c. semiprofessional/small business.
d.professional and managerial.
a. outdoor.
Roe spoke of three basic parenting styles: overprotective, avoid- ant, or acceptant. The result is that the child
a. experiences neurosis or psychosis.
b. will eventually have a lot of jobs or a lack of employment.
c. will develop a personality which gravitates (i.e., moves) toward people or away from people.
d. will suffer from depression in the work setting or will be
highly motivated to succeed.
c. will develop a personality which gravitates (i.e., moves) toward people or away from people.
Some support for Roe’s theory comes from
a. the BDI.
b. the WAIS-R.
c. the Rorschach and the TAT.
d. the gestalt therapy movement.
c. the Rorschach and the TAT.
A 37-year-old Caucasian male states during a counseling session that he is working as a clerk at Main Street Plumbing. This verbalization depicts the client’s
a. career.
b. lifestyle.
c. job or position.
d. occupation.
c. job or position.
A 37-year-old Caucasian male states during a counseling session that he is working as a clerk at Main Street Plumbing. This verbalization depicts the client’s
a. career.
b. lifestyle.
c. job or position.
d. occupation.
c. job or position.
Roe recognized the role of the unconscious mind in terms of career choice. Another theorist who emphasized the unconscious processes in this area of study was
a. Krumboltz.
b. Parsons.
c. Super.
d. Bordin.
d. Bordin.
