Care of Family During Pregnancy Flashcards
1
Q
Terminology
gravida
gravidity
multigravida
nulligravida
A
- Gravida: a woman who is pregnant
- Gravidity: pregnancy
- Multigravida: a women who has had 2+ pregnancies
- Nulligravida: a woman who has never been pregnant
2
Q
Terminology
viability
parity
multipara
nullipara
A
- Viabilty: capacity to live outside uterus; 20wks cut off
- Parity: the # of pregnancies in which the fetus(es) have reached viability, not the # of fetuses born
- Multipara: a woman who has completed 2+ pregnancies to the stage of viability
- Nullipara: a woman who has not completed a pregnancy with a fetus(es) who have reached the stage of viability
3
Q
Terminology
primigravida
primipara
preterm
A
- Primigravida: a woman who is pregnant for the 1st time
- Primipara: a woman who has completed 1 pregnancy w/ a fetus(es) who have reached the stage of viability
- Preterm: a pregnancy tht has reached 20wks of gestation but before completion of 37wks
4
Q
Terminology
abortion
term
postdate
A
- Abortion: miscarriage or elective termination of pregnancy before viability
- Term: a pregnancy from the beginning of week 38 of gestation to end of week 42 of gestation
- Postdate or Post-term: a pregnancy tht goes beyond 42wks
5
Q
GTPAL
A
- G = gravidity
- T = term births
- P = preterm births
- A = abortions
- L = living children
6
Q
Possible Signs of Pregnancy
FELT by woman
A
- Amenorrhea: ~4wks, missed period
- N/V: 4-14wks, 50-75% feel
- Fatigue: ~12wks
- Breast Changes: 3-4wks; tingling, tenderness, pain, incrd vascularization
- Urinary Symptoms: 6-12wks, urgency, frequency, incrd uterine pressure
- Weight Gain: usually small amnt at first
- Quickening: 16-20wks, 1st fetal movement
7
Q
Probable Signs of Pregnancy
OBSERVED by examiner
A
- Hegar’s Sign: 6-12wks; softening of lower uterine segment
- Goodell’s Sign: ~5wks; softening of cervix
- Chadwick’s Sign: 6-8wks; bluish or purplish color of cervix, vagina & vulva
- Urine pregnancy tests: detects HCG
- Abdominal changes: pregnancy may show after 14wks, 16wks Braxton Hicks; irregular, painless
- Ballotment: 16-28wks; passive movement of unengaged fetus when tapped or pushed
8
Q
Positive Signs of Pregnancy
A
- Heart tones
- Visualizing fetus via U/S
- Palpating fetal movement
9
Q
Pregnancy Span
A
- 9 calendar months
> 10 lunar months of 28 days (280 days total) - Trimesters:
> First: 1-13wks
> Second: 14-26wks
> Third: 27-40wks
10
Q
Estimating Date of Birth (EDB)
A
- Nagele Rule:
- Determine 1st of last menstrual period (LMP), subtract 3 months, add 7 days, plus 1 yr
- Count forward 9 months from LMP and add 7 days
- Most women give birth from 7 days before to 7 days after EDB
11
Q
Women in Poverty
A
- May not have access/insurance to public or private care
- Lack of culturally sensitive care & communication interferes w/ access to care
- Immigrant women may not seek prenatal care
- Birth outcomes are less positive, w/ higher rates of maternal & newborn comps
- Problems w/ low birth rate & infant mortality associated w/ inadequate prenatal care
12
Q
Barriers to Obtaining Prenatal Care
A
- Lack of motivation to seek care
- Inadequate finances
- Lack of transportation
- Unpleasant clinical personnel
- Unpleasant facilities or procedures
- Inconvenient clinic hours
- Problems w/ child care
- Personal & cultural attitudes
13
Q
Fetal Assessment
A
- Fundal height
- Gestational age
- Health status
- Lab tests
> multiple-marker or triple-screen blood test
> other blood tests (RPR/VDRL, CBC, Anti-Rh, HIV) - Ultrasonography
- Amniocentesis
14
Q
Collaborative Care
A
- Nutrition
- Personal hygiene
- Prevention of UTI
- Kegel exercises
- Preparation for breastfeeding
- Dental health
- Physical activity
- Posture & body mechanics
- Rest & relaxation
- Employment
- Clothing
- Travel
15
Q
Collaborative Care
pt.2
A
- Medications & herbal preparations
- Immunizations
- Rh immune globulin
- Alcohol, smoke, caffeine, drugs
- Normal discomforts
- Recognizing potential comps
- Recognizing preterm labor
