cardiovascular system; transport vessels

Question 1

transport vessels

Answer 1

mammalian circulatory system includes:
arteries
veins
capillaries

Question 2

arteries function

Answer 2

carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

Question 3

artery exception

Answer 3

pulmonary artery -> carry deoxygenated blood

Question 4

artery outer layer

Answer 4

made up of connective tissues + few elastic fibers

Question 5

artery middle layer

Answer 5

thickest + most distinguishable made up of circular bands of smooth muscle

Question 6

artery inner layer

Answer 6

only once cell thick + made up of smooth epithelial cells

Question 7

layer function

Answer 7

elasticity allows artery to first expand as blood passes through and then snap back again

Question 8

layer function cont.

Answer 8

movement keeps blood flowing in the right direction + provides additional pumping motion to help force blood through the vessels.

Question 9

ma. aorta

Answer 9

largest artery- 2.5 cm in diameter
transports large volumes of O2/rich blood
from heart -> other arteries/parts of body

Question 10

ma. brachiocephalic vessel

Answer 10

“arch” where the aorta branches into the carotid arteries

Question 11

ma. carotid

Answer 11

supplies blood to neck + head

Question 12

ma. vertebral

Answer 12

supplies blood to spinal cord

Question 13

supply blood -> arms

Answer 13

subclavian
axillary
radial
ulnar

Question 14

supply blood -> legs

Answer 14

iliac arteries
femoral arteries

Question 15

pressure triggers heart…

Answer 15

for artery to expand and contract

Question 16

what allows for diffusion

Answer 16

capillaries

Question 17

ma. coronary arteries

Answer 17

supply blood -> heart

Question 18

ma. celiac trunk

Answer 18

abdominal branch of the aorta

many arteries feeding digestive system are connected here

Question 19

ma. hepatic arteries

Answer 19

supply blood to liver

Question 20

ma. renal arteries

Answer 20

supply blood to kidney

Question 21

ma. gastric arteries

Answer 21

supply blood to stomach

Question 22

ma. mesantric arteries

Answer 22

supply blood to small + large intestine

Question 23

veins

Answer 23

carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart

Question 24

vein exception

Answer 24

pulmonary vein
carries blood from lungs -> heart

Question 25

vein characteristics

Answer 25

thinner middle-layer wall, huge lumen

Question 26

veins problem + solution

Answer 26

veins cannot contract
veins use valves to keep blood flowing to
heart
regions above heart -> pull of gravity
draws blood through the veins

Question 27

valves

Answer 27

aids when blood is in regions below heart, the valves/skeletal muscle contractions
-> exert pressure on vessels lying between
them
-> force blood up to heart

Question 28

prevent blood from flowing one direction

Answer 28

veins are equipped with one-way valves -> prevent backflow

Question 29

capillaries (practically a epithelial cell)

Answer 29

walls are only one cell thick + diameter is just large enough for the largest blood cells to pass single-file

Question 30

wall of capillary regulates what?

Answer 30

movement of materials into + out of blood stream

Question 31

diffusion can only go across

Answer 31

one cell

Question 32

capillaries most commonly found

Answer 32

nails, face

Question 33

diffusion

Answer 33

movement of molecules under a concentration gradient of high to low concentration.